Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China; Xinjiang Institute of Ecology & Geography, Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang, 848300, China; College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, China.
Chemosphere. 2024 Jul;359:142368. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142368. Epub 2024 May 17.
Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced from the partial combustion of different biomass residues. It can be used as a promising material for adsorbing pollutants from soil and water and promoting environmental sustainability. Extensive research has been conducted on biochars prepared from different feedstocks used for pollutant removal. However, a comprehensive review of biochar derived from non-woody feedstocks (NWF) and its physiochemical attributes, adsorption capacities, and performance in removing heavy metals, antibiotics, and organic pollutants from water systems needs to be included. This review revealed that the biochars derived from NWF and their adsorption efficiency varied greatly according to pyrolysis temperatures. However, biochars (NWF) pyrolyzed at higher temperatures (400-800 °C) manifested excellent physiochemical and structural attributes as well as significant removal effectiveness against antibiotics, heavy metals, and organic compounds from contaminated water. This review further highlighted why biochars prepared from NWF are most valuable/beneficial for water treatment. What preparatory conditions (pyrolysis temperature, residence time, heating rate, and gas flow rate) are necessary to design a desirable biochar containing superior physiochemical and structural properties, and adsorption efficiency for aquatic pollutants? The findings of this review will provide new research directions in the field of water decontamination through the application of NWF-derived adsorbents.
生物炭是一种富含碳的物质，由不同生物质残余物的部分燃烧产生。它可以作为一种有前途的材料，用于吸附土壤和水中的污染物，促进环境可持续性。人们对不同原料制备的生物炭用于污染物去除进行了广泛的研究。然而，需要对源自非木质生物质原料（NWF）的生物炭及其物理化学特性、吸附能力以及在去除水系统中的重金属、抗生素和有机污染物方面的性能进行综合评估。本综述表明，源自 NWF 的生物炭及其吸附效率根据热解温度有很大的差异。然而，在较高温度（400-800°C）下热解的生物炭（NWF）表现出优异的物理化学和结构特性，以及对受污染水中抗生素、重金属和有机化合物的显著去除效果。本综述进一步强调了为什么源自 NWF 的生物炭对水处理最有价值/有益。为了设计具有优异物理化学和结构特性以及对水污染物吸附效率的理想生物炭，需要哪些预备条件（热解温度、停留时间、加热速率和气体流速）？本综述的结果将为通过应用源自 NWF 的吸附剂进行水净化领域提供新的研究方向。
