Murtaza Ghulam, Rizwan Muhammad, Usman Muhammad, Ahmed Zeeshan, Iqbal Javed, Ahmad Shabir, Alwahibi Mona S, Rizwana Humaira, Iqbal Rashid, Deng Gang, Lackner Maximilian
School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China.
School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Diseases & Pests, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 20;15(1):30532. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-98701-w.
Salt influences cellular membranes by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, while osmolytes play a vital role in protecting plants from oxidative stress caused by salt. Biochar may alleviate the effects of salinity-induced stress on crops. The study investigated the impact of biochar supplementation on osmolyte modifications and antioxidant activity in soybean (Glycine max cv. AARI) under salt stress conditions. Soybean plants were exposed to 3 salinity levels (without salinity, 5, and 10 dSm NaCl), and different levels of biochar (without biochar, 12.5%, and 25% w/w). Root and shoot dry weight were reduced by 17% and 21%, respectively, under both salt-induced stress regimens. Salinity elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) as well as O• (oxygen radicals), MDA (malondialdehyde), and HO (hydrogen peroxide) levels by 3.1-fold, 1.8-fold, 3.1-fold, 2.8-fold, 4.4-fold, 1.4-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2.3-fold in plants relative to control group. Furthermore, higher concentrations of soluble protein, soluble carbohydrates, glycine betaine, and proline were more pronounced at 10 dSm than at 5 dSm. In contrast, incorporating biochar into soil enhanced both root and shoots dry weight by 47% and 53% respectively, compared to the absence of biochar application. Furthermore, the antioxidant levels in soybean seedlings cultivated in soil treated with biochar, particularly at a concentration of 25% biochar, decreased. Adding biochar led to a notable decrease in HO (27%), O(19%), and MDA (22%) concentrations, along with a reduction in the accumulation of osmotic substances in both roots and leaves. The findings demonstrate that the incorporation of biochar can safeguard soybean seedlings from NaCl-induced stress by alleviating oxidative damage.
盐通过过量产生活性氧影响细胞膜，而渗透调节物质在保护植物免受盐胁迫引起的氧化应激方面发挥着至关重要的作用。生物炭可能减轻盐分诱导的胁迫对作物的影响。该研究调查了在盐胁迫条件下添加生物炭对大豆（Glycine max cv. AARI）渗透调节物质修饰和抗氧化活性的影响。大豆植株暴露于3种盐度水平（无盐度、5和10 dSm NaCl）以及不同水平的生物炭（无生物炭、12.5%和25% w/w）。在两种盐诱导胁迫方案下，根和地上部干重分别降低了17%和21%。盐度使超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）、过氧化物酶（POD）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性以及O•（氧自由基）、丙二醛（MDA）和HO（过氧化氢）水平相对于对照组提高了3.1倍、1.8倍、3.1倍、2.8倍、4.4倍、1.4倍、2.2倍和2.3倍。此外，10 dSm时可溶性蛋白、可溶性碳水化合物、甘氨酸甜菜碱和脯氨酸的浓度高于5 dSm时。相比之下，与不施用生物炭相比，将生物炭施入土壤分别使根和地上部干重增加了47%和53%。此外，在施用生物炭的土壤中培养的大豆幼苗中的抗氧化水平降低，特别是在生物炭浓度为25%时。添加生物炭导致HO（27%）、O（19%）和MDA（22%）浓度显著降低，同时根和叶中渗透物质的积累减少。研究结果表明，添加生物炭可以通过减轻氧化损伤来保护大豆幼苗免受NaCl诱导的胁迫。
