Wang Bi-Ying, Gao Qi, Sun Yan, Qiu Xiao-Bo
State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation & Regulation Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Avenue, Beijing, 100875, China.
Noncoding RNA Res. 2024 Apr 25;9(3):964-969. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.04.005. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides, which play important roles in regulating various cellular activities by the action of the RNA itself. However, about 40% of lncRNAs in human cells are potentially translated into micropeptides (also referred to as microproteins) usually shorter than 100 amino acids. Thus, these lncRNAs may function by both RNAs directly and their encoded micropeptides. The micropeptides encoded by lncRNAs may regulate transcription, translation, protein phosphorylation or degradation, or subcellular membrane functions. This review attempts to summarize the biochemical targets of the micropeptides-encoded by lncRNAs, which function by both RNAs and micropeptides, and discuss their associations with various diseases and their potentials as drug targets.
长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）是一类长度超过200个核苷酸的转录本，它们通过RNA自身的作用在调节各种细胞活动中发挥重要作用。然而，人类细胞中约40%的lncRNA有可能被翻译成通常短于100个氨基酸的微肽（也称为微蛋白）。因此，这些lncRNA可能通过RNA直接作用及其编码的微肽发挥功能。lncRNA编码的微肽可能调节转录、翻译、蛋白质磷酸化或降解，或亚细胞膜功能。本综述试图总结lncRNA编码的微肽的生化靶点，这些微肽通过RNA和微肽发挥作用，并讨论它们与各种疾病的关联以及作为药物靶点的潜力。
