Zheng Xintong, Xiang Mengqing
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
FEBS J. 2022 Nov;289(22):6919-6935. doi: 10.1111/febs.16532. Epub 2022 Jun 5.
With the development of advanced technologies, many small open reading frames (sORFs) have been found to be translated into micropeptides. Interestingly, a considerable proportion of micropeptides are located in mitochondria, which are designated here as mitochondrion-located peptides (MLPs). These MLPs often contain a transmembrane domain and show a high degree of conservation across species. They usually act as co-factors of large proteins and play regulatory roles in mitochondria such as electron transport in the respiratory chain, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, metabolic homeostasis, and so on. Deficiency of MLPs disturbs diverse physiological processes including immunity, differentiation, and metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. These findings reveal crucial functions for MLPs and provide fresh insights into diverse mitochondrion-associated biological processes and diseases.
随着先进技术的发展，人们发现许多小开放阅读框（sORFs）可被翻译为微肽。有趣的是，相当一部分微肽位于线粒体中，在此将它们称为线粒体定位肽（MLPs）。这些MLPs通常含有一个跨膜结构域，并且在物种间表现出高度保守性。它们通常作为大蛋白的辅助因子，在线粒体中发挥调节作用，如呼吸链中的电子传递、活性氧（ROS）产生、代谢稳态等。MLPs的缺乏会扰乱体内和体外包括免疫、分化和代谢在内的多种生理过程。这些发现揭示了MLPs的关键功能，并为各种与线粒体相关的生物学过程和疾病提供了新的见解。
