Gedefie Alemu, Getaneh Fekadeselassie Belege, Debash Habtu, Sebsibe Saleamlak, Erkihun Yonas, Alemayehu Ermiyas, Metaferia Yeshi, Kassa Yeshimebet, Shibabaw Agumas, Tilahun Mihret, Bambo Getachew Mesfin, Kebede Samuel Sahile, Alemu Mekuanent, Demsiss Wondmagegn
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Pediatrics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2024 May 18;12:20503121241247685. doi: 10.1177/20503121241247685. eCollection 2024.
Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are the leading causes of global liver-related morbidity and mortality. Waste handlers are one of the high-risk groups for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus acquisition. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among waste handlers in Ethiopia.
Articles were extensively searched in bibliographic databases and gray literature using entry terms or phrases. Studies meeting eligibility criteria were extracted in MS Excel and exported to STATA version 14 software for statistical analysis. A random-effects model was used to compute the pooled magnitude of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. Heterogeneity was quantified by using the value. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's test. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the impact of a single study on pooled effect size.
Of the 116 studies identified, 8 studies were selected for meta-analysis. All studies reported hepatitis B virus, while 5 studies reported hepatitis C virus infection among waste handlers. The overall pooled prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among waste handlers in Ethiopia was 5.07% (2.0-8.15) and 1.46% (0.52-2.4), respectively. Moreover, the pooled prevalence of lifetime hepatitis B virus exposure among Ethiopian waste handlers was 33.98% (95% CI: 21.24-46.72). Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection were not statistically associated with the type of waste handlers, that is, there was no difference between medical and nonmedical waste handlers.
CRD42023398686.
The pooled prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection among waste handlers in Ethiopia was intermediate and moderate, respectively. This showed that there is a strong need to scale up preventive efforts and strategic policy directions to limit the spread of these viruses. Moreover, we also conclude that handling healthcare and domestic waste is associated with a similar risk of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection.
乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒是全球肝脏相关发病和死亡的主要原因。垃圾处理人员是感染乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的高危群体之一。因此，本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚垃圾处理人员中乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的合并患病率。
使用检索词或短语在文献数据库和灰色文献中广泛检索文章。符合纳入标准的研究在MS Excel中提取，并导出到STATA 14软件进行统计分析。采用随机效应模型计算乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的合并感染率。使用I²值量化异质性。采用漏斗图和Egger检验评估发表偏倚。进行敏感性分析以评估单个研究对合并效应量的影响。
在检索到的116项研究中，8项研究被选入荟萃分析。所有研究均报告了垃圾处理人员中的乙型肝炎病毒感染情况，5项研究报告了丙型肝炎病毒感染情况。埃塞俄比亚垃圾处理人员中乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染的总体合并患病率分别为5.07%（2.0 - 8.15）和1.46%（0.52 - 2.4）。此外，埃塞俄比亚垃圾处理人员中终生接触乙型肝炎病毒的合并患病率为33.98%（95%CI：21.24 - 46.72）。乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染与垃圾处理人员的类型无统计学关联，即医疗垃圾处理人员和非医疗垃圾处理人员之间无差异。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42023398686。
埃塞俄比亚垃圾处理人员中乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染的合并患病率分别处于中等和较低水平。这表明迫切需要加大预防力度并制定战略政策方向，以限制这些病毒的传播。此外，我们还得出结论，处理医疗垃圾和生活垃圾感染乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒的风险相似。
