Ibecheozor Chukwuka, Morales Justin, Ross Jillian, Ezeofor Adaeze, McKie Charmaine, Scott Victor F, Kibreab Angesom, Howell Charles, Aduli Farshad, Brim Hassan, Ashktorab Hassan, Oyawusi Mosunmola, McDonald-Pinkett Shelly, Laiyemo Adeyinka O
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Apr 17;16(4):e58484. doi: 10.7759/cureus.58484. eCollection 2024 Apr.
The relationship between diet and the management of chronic illnesses is well established. However, it is unknown the extent to which people with chronic illnesses pay attention to nutritional information and act upon the information obtained. We evaluated the menu ordering practices of adults with chronic illnesses.
We analyzed the 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5 Cycle 2). Our analytic cohort included 3,154 respondents (weighted population size=228,464,822) who answered questions regarding a personal history of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and obesity. They also answered questions about their nutritional habits regarding whether they noticed caloric information at fast-food or sit-down restaurants and how that information influenced their dietary choices.
Among respondents with these chronic illnesses, only obese patients were significantly more likely to pay attention to caloric information (OR=1.56; 95%CI: 1.06-2.31). However, noticing the calorie information was not associated with ordering less calories among all categories of respondents with chronic illnesses.
US adults with chronic illnesses do not pay sufficient attention to the calorie information of their diet. Furthermore, awareness of the calorie information did not influence their dietary choices. Healthcare professionals should incorporate dietary counseling into the management of chronic illnesses of their patients.
饮食与慢性病管理之间的关系已得到充分证实。然而，慢性病患者在多大程度上关注营养信息并根据所获信息采取行动尚不清楚。我们评估了患有慢性病的成年人的菜单点餐行为。
我们分析了2018年健康信息国家趋势调查（HINTS 5周期2）。我们的分析队列包括3154名受访者（加权人口规模=228464822），他们回答了有关糖尿病、高血压、心脏病和肥胖个人病史的问题。他们还回答了关于他们营养习惯的问题，即他们是否在快餐店或坐下来用餐的餐厅注意到热量信息，以及该信息如何影响他们的饮食选择。
在患有这些慢性病的受访者中，只有肥胖患者显著更有可能关注热量信息（比值比=1.56；95%置信区间：1.06 - 2.31）。然而，在所有患有慢性病的受访者类别中，注意到热量信息与点较少热量的食物并无关联。
美国患有慢性病的成年人对其饮食中的热量信息关注不足。此外，对热量信息的认知并未影响他们的饮食选择。医疗保健专业人员应将饮食咨询纳入其患者慢性病的管理中。
