Wrześniewski Krzysztof, Pałka Tomasz, Blecharz Jan
Department of Psychology, Institute of Social Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, Krakow, Poland.
Front Psychol. 2024 May 3;15:1380282. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1380282. eCollection 2024.
Good mental preparation of an athlete plays an important role in achieving optimal sports results. An athlete who enters a competition should not feel fatigue resulting from intense physical exercise. Therefore, new and effective methods are being sought that could help accelerate the process of both physical and mental regeneration. Vibrotherapy is one of them. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal frequency of vibration, its duration and the position in which the subjects were placed during the treatments, in relation to the reduction of subjectively perceived exertion muscle pain, mental discomfort, emotional states and the level of cognitive processes that were disturbed by intense physical activity. Sixteen healthy male volunteers were involved in this study. The participants were assessed for their aerobic and anaerobic capacity. Each of the subjects performed a set of intensive physical exercises and then underwent vibrotherapy treatment. In random order, each of the men tested the effectiveness of eight combinations of frequency, duration, and body position. Psychological tests were conducted for each combination: frequency, duration of treatment, and position during treatment, in four stages: (1) before the start of the experiment (baseline POMS measurements), (2) immediately after the exercise (VAS scale, scale examining psychological discomfort and STROOP test), (3) immediately after the vibration treatment (POMS measurements, VAS scale, scale examining psychological discomfort and STROOP test), (4) 24 h after the vibration treatment (VAS scale examining subjective assessment of perceived pain and psychological discomfort). Based on the results, it was concluded that all the studied variables improved significantly over time (after the vibration treatment and 24 h after training). In addition, a statistically significant interaction measurement × frequency was noted for vigor scale (52HZ favored greater improvement in this state), and a statistically significant interaction was found for measurement × time for the VAS scale ( < 0.05) - the lower pain value was indicated 24 h after the 10-min vibration treatment. The type of frequency used, position, and duration of the treatment did not play a statistically significant role in changing STROOP test results and severity of psychological discomfort ( > 0.05).
运动员做好充分的心理准备对于取得最佳运动成绩起着重要作用。参加比赛的运动员不应因高强度体育锻炼而感到疲劳。因此，人们正在寻找新的有效方法来帮助加速身体和心理恢复的过程。振动疗法就是其中之一。本研究的目的是确定振动的最佳频率、持续时间以及治疗过程中受试者所处的位置，这些因素与减轻主观感受到的运动肌肉疼痛、心理不适、情绪状态以及因高强度体育活动而受到干扰的认知过程水平之间的关系。16名健康男性志愿者参与了这项研究。对参与者的有氧和无氧能力进行了评估。每个受试者都进行了一组高强度体育锻炼，然后接受振动疗法治疗。以随机顺序，每个男性测试了频率、持续时间和身体位置的八种组合的效果。针对每种组合进行了心理测试：频率、治疗持续时间和治疗过程中的位置，分四个阶段进行：(1)实验开始前（POMS测量基线），(2)运动后立即进行（VAS量表、检查心理不适的量表和斯特鲁普测试），(3)振动治疗后立即进行（POMS测量、VAS量表、检查心理不适的量表和斯特鲁普测试），(4)振动治疗后24小时（检查主观疼痛感受和心理不适的VAS量表）。根据结果得出结论，所有研究变量随着时间的推移（振动治疗后和训练后24小时）均有显著改善。此外，活力量表的测量×频率存在统计学显著交互作用（52赫兹有利于该状态下有更大改善），VAS量表的测量×时间存在统计学显著交互作用（<0.05）——10分钟振动治疗后24小时疼痛值较低。所使用的频率类型、位置和治疗持续时间在改变斯特鲁普测试结果和心理不适严重程度方面没有起到统计学显著作用（>0.05）。
