Agbangba Codjo Emile, Sacla Aide Edmond, Honfo Hermann, Glèlè Kakai Romain
Laboratoire de Biomathématiques et d'Estimations Forestières, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin.
Laboratoire de Recherche en Biologie Appliquée (LaRBA), Département de Génie de l'Environnement, University of Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, 01 P.O. Box 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
Heliyon. 2024 Jan 26;10(3):e25131. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25131. eCollection 2024 Feb 15.
Post-hoc comparison procedures are commonly used to determine which group means differ after a significant analysis of variance (ANOVA). Several post-hoc tests have been proposed, but their use requires certain assumptions to be met, such as normality, equality of variance, and balanced group size. This review examined the statistical literature on post-hoc tests and their use in the environmental and biological sciences. Through this review, we found that post-hoc tests are effective but often inadequately used in these sciences. We conducted a search of reputed search engines to identify articles in which post-hoc tests were used and found ten post-hoc tests used in the environmental and biological literature. Tukey HSD (30.04%), Duncan's (25.41%) and Fisher's LSD (18.15%) were the most commonly used post-hoc tests over the past 20 years, whereas the Games-Howell (1.13%), Holm-Bonferroni (1.25%), and Scheffe's tests (2.25%) were the least used. The choice of post-hoc test depended on the statistical method used prior. In addition, the assumptions of applying post-hoc tests were not always verified. In fact, the normality condition was mostly only checked in the cases of Tukey HSD, Duncan's, and Fischer's LSD tests, and equality of variance was often met for the Tukey HSD, Duncan's, Fischer's LSD, and Bonferroni tests. This review opens a new avenue for comparing post-hoc test performance in ANOVA using linear or generalised mixed effect models.
事后比较程序通常用于在方差分析（ANOVA）结果显著后，确定哪些组均值存在差异。人们已经提出了几种事后检验方法，但它们的使用需要满足某些假设，如正态性、方差齐性和组大小均衡。本综述研究了关于事后检验及其在环境科学和生物科学中应用的统计文献。通过该综述，我们发现事后检验是有效的，但在这些科学领域中常常未得到充分应用。我们在著名搜索引擎中进行了搜索，以识别使用事后检验的文章，并在环境科学和生物科学文献中发现了十种事后检验方法。在过去20年中，Tukey HSD检验（30.04%）、Duncan检验（25.41%）和Fisher LSD检验（18.15%）是最常用的事后检验方法，而Games-Howell检验（1.13%）、Holm-Bonferroni检验（1.25%）和Scheffe检验（2.25%）使用最少。事后检验方法的选择取决于之前使用的统计方法。此外，应用事后检验的假设并非总是得到验证。事实上，正态性条件大多仅在Tukey HSD检验、Duncan检验和Fischer LSD检验的情况下进行了检查，而Tukey HSD检验、Duncan检验、Fischer LSD检验和Bonferroni检验通常满足方差齐性。本综述为使用线性或广义混合效应模型比较方差分析中事后检验的性能开辟了一条新途径。
