Guliyev Cavid, Simsek Melike, Bezek-Dino Sevinc, Ogel Kultegin
Department of Psychology, Istanbul Kent University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Alcohol and Substance Addiction Treatment Center, Moodist Psychiatry Hospital, Istanbul Turkey.
Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2023 Jun 1;33(2):117-125. doi: 10.5152/pcp.2023.23617. eCollection 2023 Jun.
The "career approach," developed to understand substance use and treatment, is important because it can broadly encompass the complexity of addiction patterns and help to better illustrate the chronic and recurrent nature, correlations, and consequences of addiction. The current study aimed to examine the substance use career and patterns of patients diagnosed with substance use disorder.
The authors created a questionnaire that included questions inquiring at what age several substance use-related life events occurred. The Addiction Profile Index was used to collect sociodemographic data and measure substance use disorder severity. Descriptive statistics and group comparisons were conducted to evaluate the data.
Of the cases (n = 400), 72.7% began using substances before the age of 18, but only 12.4% (n = 68) sought treatment by that age. There were approximately 8 years between starting substance use and seeking treatment. Substance use was noticed by the family approximately 5 years after it started. There was a difference between males and females in terms of the age of experiencing adverse life events due to substance use, with females being earlier ( = .030). Similarly, individuals with opioid use disorder experienced adverse life events due to substance use at an earlier age than the non-opioid group ( = .001).
Identifying patient characteristics associated with the course of use in people who use different substances of choice and examining the differences in lifelong substance use patterns among these groups will help develop targeted treatment services and policies.
为理解物质使用及治疗而发展出的“生涯方法”很重要，因为它能广泛涵盖成瘾模式的复杂性，并有助于更好地阐释成瘾的慢性复发性、相关性及后果。本研究旨在调查被诊断为物质使用障碍患者的物质使用生涯及模式。
作者设计了一份问卷，其中包含询问若干与物质使用相关的生活事件发生年龄的问题。使用成瘾概况指数收集社会人口统计学数据并测量物质使用障碍的严重程度。进行描述性统计和组间比较以评估数据。
在400例病例中，72.7%在18岁之前开始使用物质，但到该年龄时只有12.4%（n = 68）寻求治疗。从开始使用物质到寻求治疗大约间隔8年。物质使用开始约5年后被家人注意到。在因物质使用而经历不良生活事件的年龄方面，男性和女性存在差异，女性更早（P = 0.030）。同样，阿片类物质使用障碍患者因物质使用而经历不良生活事件的年龄比非阿片类物质组更早（P = 0.001）。
确定与使用不同选择物质的人群的使用过程相关的患者特征，并检查这些群体终身物质使用模式的差异，将有助于制定有针对性的治疗服务和政策。
