Representación Estatal Fitozoosanitario y de Inocuidad Agroalimentaria y Acuícola en el Estado de México, Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Toluca, Mexico.
Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 Jul;10(4):e1474. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1474.
Parasitic diseases of pigs are a public and veterinary health problem. Helminths influence pork production, whereas backyard pigs can transmit these parasites.
This work aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against Ascaris suum and Trichinella spiralis in backyard pigs from Jamiltepec, Region de la Costa, Oaxaca, in Southwestern Mexico.
Six hundred sixty-four serum samples were obtained from backyard pigs from 23 rural villages distributed in 5 municipalities; samples were taken in a non-probabilistic manner with the owner's consent. The presence of serum antibodies against a total extract of A. suum adult worm was determined by ELISA. In contrast, antibodies to the excretion-secretion products of the T. spiralis muscle larva were determined by Western blot.
The global seroprevalence for A. suum was 5.12% and 2.41% for T. spiralis; however, antibodies were only found in 8 villages and distributed in 3 municipalities. The highest frequency of positivity for Ascaris was found in the municipality of Santa Catarina Mechoacán (13.01%), whereas, in Santa María Huazalotitlán, the highest frequency of positivity for Trichinella was found (5.75%). In San Andrés, frequencies were 7.23% and 4.82%, respectively. No statistical differences were observed between populations.
Our data suggest that helminth transmission is restricted by locality. However, further studies must be conducted to understand the factors limiting this transmission to promote pork meat production in parasite-free zones.
猪寄生虫病是一个公共卫生和兽医卫生问题。寄生虫会影响猪肉生产，而后院猪可能会传播这些寄生虫。
本研究旨在调查墨西哥南部瓦哈卡州科斯塔地区贾米尔特佩克地区后院猪感染旋毛虫和猪蛔虫抗体的流行情况。
从 5 个城市的 23 个农村村庄中采集了 664 份后院猪血清样本；这些样本是在征得主人同意的情况下以非概率方式采集的。采用 ELISA 法检测猪血清中总提取的猪蛔虫成虫抗体的存在情况。相比之下，采用 Western blot 法检测旋毛虫肌肉幼虫排泄-分泌产物的抗体。
猪蛔虫的总血清阳性率为 5.12%，旋毛虫的血清阳性率为 2.41%；然而，抗体仅在 8 个村庄发现，并分布在 3 个城市。在圣卡塔琳娜梅乔阿坎市（13.01%）发现的蛔虫抗体阳性率最高，而在圣玛丽亚华扎洛特兰市（5.75%）发现的旋毛虫抗体阳性率最高。在圣安德烈斯，阳性率分别为 7.23%和 4.82%。人群之间没有观察到统计学差异。
我们的数据表明，寄生虫的传播受到局部因素的限制。然而，必须进行进一步的研究，以了解限制这种传播的因素，从而促进无寄生虫区的猪肉生产。
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