Allergy and Immunology, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Garden City, NY.
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, National Allergy Research Centre, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2024 Sep;12(9):2227-2241. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.04.060. Epub 2024 May 18.
Patch testing is the reference standard for the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. Identification and avoidance of culprit allergens are essential in the treatment of this disease. Each year, new allergens are identified as emerging or important. The authors discuss allergens that are common, enduring, emergent, incompletely recognized, and controversial for the practicing allergist and dermatologist. This Clinical Management Review will encompass a review of fragrances, preservatives, rubber, acrylates, metals, and medications; their common sources of exposure; controversies in diagnosis and patch testing; management and how to avoid those allergens. This review will also include practical aspects of diagnosis and management and will provide resources that can be used as guidance for physicians and patients on nickel, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, and fragrance, the most common allergens positive on patch testing.
斑贴试验是诊断变应性接触性皮炎的金标准。识别和避免致病过敏原是治疗这种疾病的关键。每年都会有新的过敏原被确定为新出现的或重要的过敏原。作者讨论了对于从事过敏和皮肤科工作的医生来说常见的、持久的、新出现的、未被充分认识的和有争议的过敏原。本临床管理综述将涵盖对香料、防腐剂、橡胶、丙烯酸盐、金属和药物的综述；它们常见的接触源；诊断和斑贴试验中的争议；管理以及如何避免这些过敏原。本综述还将包括诊断和管理的实际方面，并将提供可作为指导医生和患者使用的资源，包括斑贴试验中最常见的过敏原镍、甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮和香料。
