UMR CNRS MNHN 7179, 1 avenue du Petit Château, 91800, Brunoy, France.
Centre national interprofessionnel de l'économie laitière, 42 rue de Châteaudun, 75314, Paris cedex 09, France.
Commun Biol. 2024 May 20;7(1):609. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-06255-w.
Dairy fat has a unique lipid profile; it is rich in short- and medium-chain saturated fatty acids that induce ketone production and has a balanced ω6/ω3 ratio that promotes cognitive development in early life. Moreover, the high consumption of vegetable oils in pregnant and lactating women raises concerns regarding the quality of lipids provided to offspring. Here, we investigate maternal dairy fat intake during gestation and lactation in a highly valuable primate model for infant nutritional studies, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). Two experimental diets are provided to gestant mouse lemurs: a dairy fat-based (DF) or vegetable fat-based diet (VF). The psychomotor performance of neonates is tested during their first 30 days. Across all tasks, we observe more successful neonates born to mothers fed a DF diet. A greater rate of falls is observed in 8-day-old VF neonates, which is associated with delayed psychomotor development. Our findings suggest the potential benefits of lipids originating from a lactovegetarian diet compared with those originating from a vegan diet for the psychomotor development of neonates.
乳制品脂肪具有独特的脂质特征；它富含短链和中链饱和脂肪酸，可诱导酮体生成，并且具有平衡的 ω6/ω3 比例，可促进生命早期的认知发育。此外，孕妇和哺乳期妇女大量食用植物油引起了人们对提供给后代的脂质质量的担忧。在这里，我们在灰色小鼠猴（Microcebus murinus）这一非常有价值的婴儿营养研究灵长类模型中，研究了妊娠期和哺乳期母体摄入乳制品脂肪的情况。为妊娠的小鼠猴提供了两种实验性饮食：基于乳制品脂肪的饮食（DF）或基于植物油的饮食（VF）。在新生儿的头 30 天内，对其进行了精神运动性能测试。在所有任务中，我们观察到由喂食 DF 饮食的母亲所生的新生儿更成功。在 8 天大的 VF 新生儿中观察到跌倒率更高，这与精神运动发育迟缓有关。我们的研究结果表明，与素食饮食相比，乳素食饮食中的脂质可能对新生儿的精神运动发育有潜在的益处。
