Langford Vets Small Animal Referral Hospital, University of Bristol, Langford, UK.
North Down Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, UK.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2024 Jul-Aug;51(4):372-380. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.005. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
To compare the efficacy of lidocaine administered intravenously, intranasally or as an infraorbital nerve block in dogs undergoing rostral rhinoscopy.
Randomized clinical trial.
A total of 43 client-owned dogs.
After premedication with medetomidine 0.01 mg kg and methadone 0.2 mg kg intramuscularly, anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Dogs were randomly allocated to receive 2 mg kg of 2% lidocaine as a bilateral infraorbital nerve block (INB) via the caudal intraoral approach, via bilateral topical intranasal administration (TIA) or as an intravenous bolus (IVB). At 5 minutes following lidocaine administration, responses to rhinoscopy (RR) and biopsies (RB) were evaluated using a simple scoring system (0: no reaction; 1: reaction). Response to the rhinoscopy in the recovery period (RE) was recorded. Recovery quality was scored using a simple descriptive score. Heart rate, respiratory rate and noninvasive arterial blood pressure were recorded. Intravenous (IV) fentanyl 0.001 mg kg was administered if an increase > 20% in any variable occurred. Gross movement was attenuated using propofol 0.5 mg kg IV. Scores were analysed using the Chi-square test with Monte Carlo method. Cardiorespiratory changes among and overtime between groups were compared using one-way anova and one-way anova for repeated measures, respectively, or the correspondent non-parametric tests; p < 0.05.
Of the 43 dogs, 42 completed the study. No statistically significant differences were detected in either physical reactions or changes in cardiorespiratory variables for RR, RB, RE or recovery quality, although RB tended to be higher in group TIA (7/10 versus 1/10 INB and 3/13 IVB).Various cardiorespiratory variables changed overtime within groups.
In dogs, all three investigated techniques attenuated responses during rostral rhinoscopy in dogs, although INB and IVB were more efficacious when biopsies were taken.
比较静脉内、鼻内或眶下神经阻滞给予利多卡因在接受鼻内镜检查的犬中的疗效。
随机临床试验。
总共 43 只客户拥有的狗。
在肌肉注射咪达唑仑 0.01mg/kg 和 美沙酮 0.2mg/kg 进行预给药后，用异丙酚诱导麻醉，并在氧气中用异氟烷维持。狗被随机分配接受 2mg/kg 的 2%利多卡因，通过口腔后缘的双侧眶下神经阻滞（INB）、双侧鼻内局部给药（TIA）或静脉内推注（IVB）。在给予利多卡因后 5 分钟，使用简单的评分系统（0：无反应；1：反应）评估鼻内镜检查（RR）和活检（RB）的反应。记录恢复期（RE）的鼻内镜检查反应。使用简单的描述性评分来评分恢复质量。记录心率、呼吸频率和无创动脉血压。如果任何变量增加>20%，则给予静脉内（IV）芬太尼 0.001mg/kg。使用静脉内（IV）丙泊酚 0.5mg/kg 减弱大体运动。使用卡方检验与蒙特卡罗法分析评分。使用单向方差分析和重复测量的单向方差分析分别比较组间和组内的心肺变化，或使用相应的非参数检验；p<0.05。
在 43 只狗中，有 42 只完成了研究。RR、RB、RE 或恢复质量的物理反应或心肺变量变化均无统计学差异，尽管 TIA 组的 RB 倾向于更高（7/10 与 1/10 INB 和 3/13 IVB）。各组内的各种心肺变量随时间变化。
在狗中，所有三种研究技术都减轻了狗接受鼻内镜检查时的反应，但在进行活检时，INB 和 IVB 更有效。
