Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, P.R. China.
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 May 21;24(1):1363. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18839-6.
Although the association between ambient temperature and mortality of respiratory diseases was numerously documented, the association between various ambient temperature levels and respiratory emergency department (ED) visits has not been well studied. A recent investigation of the association between respiratory ED visits and various levels of ambient temperature was conducted in Beijing, China.
Daily meteorological data, air pollution data, and respiratory ED visits data from 2017 to 2018 were collected in Beijing. The relationship between ambient temperature and respiratory ED visits was explored using a distributed lagged nonlinear model (DLNM). Then we performed subgroup analysis based on age and gender. Finally, meta-analysis was utilized to aggregate the total influence of ambient temperature on respiratory ED visits across China.
The single-day lag risk for extreme cold peaked at a relative risk (RR) of 1.048 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.009, 1.088] at a lag of 21 days, with a long lag effect. As for the single-day lag risk for extreme hot, a short lag effect was shown at a lag of 7 days with an RR of 1.076 (95% CI: 1.038, 1.114). The cumulative lagged effects of both hot and cold effects peaked at lag 0-21 days, with a cumulative risk of the onset of 3.690 (95% CI: 2.133, 6.382) and 1.641 (95% CI: 1.284, 2.098), respectively, with stronger impact on the hot. Additionally, the elderly were more sensitive to ambient temperature. The males were more susceptible to hot weather than the females. A longer cold temperature lag effect was found in females. Compared with the meta-analysis, a pooled effect of ambient temperature was consistent in general. In the subgroup analysis, a significant difference was found by gender.
Temperature level, age-specific, and gender-specific effects between ambient temperature and the number of ED visits provide information on early warning measures for the prevention and control of respiratory diseases.
尽管已有大量文献证明环境温度与呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间存在关联，但环境温度与呼吸系统急诊就诊之间的关系尚未得到很好的研究。最近在中国北京进行了一项关于呼吸系统急诊就诊与各种环境温度水平之间关联的调查。
收集了 2017 年至 2018 年期间北京的每日气象数据、空气污染数据和呼吸系统急诊就诊数据。使用分布式滞后非线性模型（DLNM）探索环境温度与呼吸系统急诊就诊之间的关系。然后，我们根据年龄和性别进行了亚组分析。最后，使用荟萃分析汇总了中国各地环境温度对呼吸系统急诊就诊的总影响。
极寒天气的单日滞后风险在滞后 21 天时达到相对风险（RR）为 1.048 [95%置信区间（CI）：1.009，1.088]的峰值，具有较长的滞后效应。对于极热天气的单日滞后风险，在滞后 7 天时显示出短期滞后效应，RR 为 1.076（95%CI：1.038，1.114）。极热和极寒天气的累积滞后效应均在 0-21 天的滞后期内达到峰值，发病的累积风险分别为 3.690（95%CI：2.133，6.382）和 1.641（95%CI：1.284，2.098），极热天气的影响更强。此外，老年人对环境温度更为敏感。男性对热天气比女性更敏感。在女性中发现了较长的寒冷温度滞后效应。与荟萃分析相比，环境温度的总体汇总效应一致。在亚组分析中，发现性别之间存在显著差异。
环境温度与急诊就诊次数之间的温度水平、年龄和性别特定效应提供了有关呼吸系统疾病预防和控制的预警措施的信息。
