Calazans Neto João Vicente, Reis Andréa Cândido Dos, Valente Mariana Lima da Costa
School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Heliyon. 2024 May 3;10(9):e30108. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30108. eCollection 2024 May 15.
The objective of the systematic review is to find an answer to a question: "What is the influence of the building direction of titanium implants produced by additive manufacturing on their physical and mechanical properties?" This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA 2020) and was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) (osf.io/rdc84). Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Embase, and Google Scholar databases on February 17th, 2024. Articles were chosen in 2 steps by 2 blinded reviewers based on previously selected inclusion criteria: In vitro studies that evaluated the influence of the impression direction of titanium implants produced by additive manufacturing on their physical and mechanical properties were selected. Articles were excluded that (1) did not use additive technology to obtain the implants, 2) used surfaces other than titanium, 3) did not evaluate the direction of impression, 4) Studies with only in vivo analyses, clinical studies, systematic reviews, book chapters, short communications, conference abstracts, case reports, and personal opinions.). In the initial search, 581 results were found. Of this total, 108 were excluded for duplication and, after applying the eligibility criteria, 16 articles were included in the present review. The risk of bias was analyzed using the RoBDEMAT. The risk of bias was analyzed using the RoBDEMAT. In addition, the coefficient of interagreement of the reviewers (Cohen's Kappa) and the certainty of evidence by GRADE were analyzed. In general, different impression angles showed variations in the physical and mechanical characteristics of the groups evaluated, including roughness, tensile strength, hardness, and modulus of elasticity. While some impression orientations resulted in greater strength or hardness, others showed greater elasticity or lower surface roughness. These findings suggest that print orientation plays a significant role in determining material properties. It can be concluded that printing directions influence the physical and mechanical properties of titanium implants and the studies included showed that the 0°, 45°, and 90° directions are the most evaluated as they present lower probabilities of structural anisotropies and provide better results in their roughness, hardness, tensile and compressive strength.
“增材制造生产的钛植入物的构建方向对其物理和力学性能有何影响？” 本评价遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA 2020），并在开放科学框架（OSF）（osf.io/rdc84）中注册。于2024年2月17日在PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct、Embase和谷歌学术数据库中进行检索。由2名盲法评审员根据预先选定的纳入标准分两步选择文章：选择评估增材制造生产的钛植入物的压印方向对其物理和力学性能影响的体外研究。排除以下文章：（1）未使用增材技术获得植入物；（2）使用钛以外的表面；（3）未评估压印方向；（4）仅进行体内分析的研究、临床研究、系统评价、书籍章节、简短通讯、会议摘要、病例报告和个人观点。在初步检索中，共找到581条结果。其中，108条因重复而被排除，在应用纳入标准后，本评价纳入了16篇文章。使用RoBDEMAT分析偏倚风险。使用RoBDEMAT分析偏倚风险。此外，还分析了评审员的一致性系数（Cohen's Kappa）和GRADE证据的确定性。总体而言，不同的压印角度在评估的组的物理和力学特性方面存在差异，包括粗糙度、拉伸强度、硬度和弹性模量。虽然某些压印方向导致更大的强度或硬度，但其他方向显示出更大的弹性或更低的表面粗糙度。这些发现表明打印方向在确定材料性能方面起着重要作用。可以得出结论，打印方向会影响钛植入物的物理和力学性能，纳入的研究表明，0°、45°和90°方向是评估最多的方向，因为它们出现结构各向异性的概率较低，并且在粗糙度、硬度、拉伸和抗压强度方面提供更好的结果。
