Ossa-López Paula A, Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E, Álvarez López María Elena, Castaño Villa Gabriel Jaime, Rivera-Páez Fredy A
Doctorado en Ciencias, Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Biodiversidad y Manejo de Ecosistemas (GEBIOME), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, 170004, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2024 May 9;24:100943. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100943. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites of vertebrates and are relevant worldwide due to the number of bacterial and other pathogens they can transmit. To date, the knowledge about the microorganisms that ticks harbor and transmit to their hosts is incipient. In this study, 24 samples of mammals belonging to four taxonomic orders and ticks of the genera and from the Orinoco region of Colombia were analyzed to described and compare the bacterial microbiome. Genetic extraction was performed, and the V3-V4 region of the rRNA gene was amplified by PCR. Libraries were created, and those samples with adequate quality indices were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. Bacterial taxonomic assignment analyses were conducted through Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) and Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). The results correspond to 16 samples that passed the quality filters, with 3218 OTUs (415 families). Although a considerable number of unknown bacteria was found, Enterobacteriaceae, Beijerinckiaceae, Moraxellaceae, and Burkholderiaceae are the most prevalent families, and the presence of the genera , , , which can harbor pathogenic species was confirmed. In individuals of found actively feeding on , bacteria of the genera and were documented. Similarly, found actively feeding on shared . was shared among the blood samples of , while and were shared in blood and liver samples of . Shared bacteria between and included , , and . The results highlight the need of additional studies in other natural regions of Colombia and other American countries where tick-borne diseases have been detected. Likewise, the recorded data are the first at the level of bacterial communities in ticks of the family Ixodidae and provide valuable knowledge for the understanding host-tick and pathogen interactions.
蜱是脊椎动物专性吸血的体外寄生虫，由于它们能传播多种细菌和其他病原体，在全球范围内都具有重要影响。迄今为止，关于蜱虫体内携带并传播给宿主的微生物的了解仍处于起步阶段。在本研究中，对来自哥伦比亚奥里诺科地区的四个分类目哺乳动物的24个样本以及璃眼蜱属和硬蜱属的蜱虫进行了分析，以描述和比较细菌微生物群落。进行了基因提取，并通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增了16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区域。构建了文库，并使用Illumina MiSeq技术对质量指标合格的样本进行测序。通过扩增子序列变体（ASV）和操作分类单元（OTU）进行细菌分类归属分析。结果显示有16个样本通过了质量筛选，共得到3218个OTU（415个科）。尽管发现了大量未知细菌，但肠杆菌科、拜叶林克氏菌科、莫拉克斯氏菌科和伯克霍尔德氏菌科是最常见的科，并且证实了存在可能携带致病物种的属，如立克次氏体属、埃里希氏体属、巴通体属。在发现正在主动吸食牛的蜱虫个体中，记录到了立克次氏体属和埃里希氏体属的细菌。同样，在发现正在主动吸食猪的蜱虫中也发现了巴通体属。牛的血液样本中共有巴通体属细菌，而在猪的血液和肝脏样本中则同时存在立克次氏体属和埃里希氏体属细菌。牛和猪之间共有的细菌包括嗜吞噬细胞无形体、五日热巴通体和伯氏考克斯体。结果强调了在哥伦比亚其他自然区域以及其他已检测到蜱传疾病的美洲国家开展更多研究的必要性。同样，所记录的数据是关于硬蜱科蜱虫细菌群落水平的首批数据，为理解宿主-蜱虫和病原体相互作用提供了有价值的知识。
