Sánchez-Marín David, Silva-Cázares Macrina Beatriz, González-Del Carmen Manuel, Campos-Parra Alma D
Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Región Altiplano, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, (UASL), Matehuala, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Front Oncol. 2024 May 8;14:1407511. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1407511. eCollection 2024.
The diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC) has increased dramatically in recent years. Papillary TC is the most frequent type and has shown a good prognosis. Conventional treatments for TC are surgery, hormonal therapy, radioactive iodine, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, resistance to treatments is well documented in almost 20% of all cases. Genomic sequencing has provided valuable information to help identify variants that hinder the success of chemotherapy as well as to determine which of those represent potentially druggable targets. There is a plethora of targeted therapies for cancer, most of them directed toward point mutations; however, chromosomal rearrangements that generate fusion genes are becoming relevant in cancer but have been less explored in TC. Therefore, it is relevant to identify new potential inhibitors for genes that are recurrent in the formation of gene fusions. In this review, we focus on describing potentially druggable variants and propose both point variants and fusion genes as targets for drug repositioning in TC.
近年来，甲状腺癌（TC）的诊断率急剧上升。乳头状甲状腺癌是最常见的类型，且预后良好。甲状腺癌的传统治疗方法包括手术、激素治疗、放射性碘治疗、化疗和靶向治疗。然而，几乎20%的病例都有对治疗产生耐药性的记录。基因组测序提供了有价值的信息，有助于识别阻碍化疗成功的变异，以及确定其中哪些代表潜在的可药物靶向。针对癌症有大量的靶向治疗方法，其中大多数针对点突变；然而，产生融合基因的染色体重排在癌症中变得越来越重要，但在甲状腺癌中研究较少。因此，识别在基因融合形成中反复出现的基因的新潜在抑制剂具有重要意义。在本综述中，我们专注于描述潜在的可药物化变异，并提出点变异和融合基因作为甲状腺癌药物重新定位的靶点。
