Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Oncol. 2024 May 23;63:359-367. doi: 10.2340/1651-226X.2024.33008.
The tumor microenvironment significantly influences breast cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Various immune cell populations, including T cells, B cells, NK cells, and myeloid cells exhibit diverse functions in different breast cancer subtypes, contributing to both anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities.
This review provides an overview of the predominant immune cell populations in breast cancer subtypes, elucidating their suppressive and prognostic effects. We aim to outline the role of the immune microenvironment from normal breast tissue to invasive cancer and distant metastasis.
A comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze the involvement of immune cells throughout breast cancer progression.
In breast cancer, tumors exhibit increased immune cell infiltration compared to normal tissue. Variations exist across subtypes, with higher levels observed in triple-negative and HER2+ tumors are linked to better survival. In contrast, ER+ tumors display lower immune infiltration, associated with poorer outcomes. Furthermore, metastatic sites commonly exhibit a more immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Understanding the complex interaction between tumor and immune cells during breast cancer progression is essential for future research and the development of immune-based strategies. This comprehensive understanding may pave the way for more effective treatment approaches and improved patients outcomes.
肿瘤微环境显著影响乳腺癌的发生、发展和转移。各种免疫细胞群体，包括 T 细胞、B 细胞、NK 细胞和髓系细胞，在不同的乳腺癌亚型中表现出不同的功能，既有抗肿瘤作用，也有促肿瘤作用。
本文综述了乳腺癌亚型中主要的免疫细胞群体，阐明了它们的抑制和预后作用。我们旨在概述从正常乳腺组织到浸润性癌和远处转移的免疫微环境的作用。
对免疫细胞在乳腺癌进展过程中的作用进行了全面的文献回顾分析。
与正常组织相比，乳腺癌肿瘤中存在更多的免疫细胞浸润。不同亚型之间存在差异，三阴性和 HER2+肿瘤中浸润水平较高与生存改善相关，而 ER+肿瘤浸润水平较低与预后不良相关。此外，转移部位通常表现出更具免疫抑制性的微环境。
了解乳腺癌进展过程中肿瘤和免疫细胞之间的复杂相互作用对于未来的研究和免疫为基础的策略的发展至关重要。这种全面的理解可能为更有效的治疗方法和改善患者预后铺平道路。
