Department of Medicine, BronxCare Health System/BronxCare Hospital Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
American University of the Caribbean, Department of Medicine, Sint Maarten, West Indies.
J Int Med Res. 2024 May;52(5):3000605241254330. doi: 10.1177/03000605241254330.
Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that is one of the causes of high mortality worldwide. Additionally, healthcare systems around the world are also being burdened by the aging population and subsequently, increasing estimates of patients with heart failure. As a result, it is crucial to determine novel ways to reduce the healthcare costs, rate of hospitalizations and mortality. In this regard, clinical biomarkers play a very important role in stratifying risk, determining prognosis or diagnosis and monitoring patient responses to therapy. This narrative review discusses the wide spectrum of clinical biomarkers, novel inventions of new techniques, their advantages and limitations as well as applications. As heart failure rates increase, cost-effective diagnostic tools such as B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide are crucial, with emerging markers like neprilysin and cardiac imaging showing promise, though larger studies are needed to confirm their effectiveness compared with traditional markers.
心力衰竭是一种复杂的临床综合征，是全球高死亡率的原因之一。此外，全球的医疗保健系统也因人口老龄化而负担沉重，随之而来的是心力衰竭患者数量的估计不断增加。因此，确定降低医疗保健成本、住院率和死亡率的新方法至关重要。在这方面，临床生物标志物在分层风险、确定预后或诊断以及监测患者对治疗的反应方面发挥着非常重要的作用。本综述讨论了广泛的临床生物标志物、新技术的新发明、它们的优点和局限性以及应用。随着心力衰竭发生率的增加，具有成本效益的诊断工具，如 B 型利钠肽和 N 末端 pro-B 型利钠肽至关重要，新兴标志物如 Neprilysin 和心脏成像显示出前景，但需要更大的研究来证实它们与传统标志物相比的有效性。
