Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Jun;30(6):1182-1192. doi: 10.3201/eid3006.231427.
In adults, viral load and disease severity can differ by SARS-CoV-2 variant, patterns less understood in children. We evaluated symptomatology, cycle threshold (Ct) values, and SARS-CoV-2 variants among 2,299 pediatric SARS-CoV-2 patients (0-21 years of age) in Colorado, USA, to determine whether children infected with Delta or Omicron had different symptom severity or Ct values than during earlier variants. Children infected during the Delta and Omicron periods had lower Ct values than those infected during pre-Delta, and children <1 year of age had lower Ct values than older children. Hospitalized symptomatic children had lower Ct values than asymptomatic patients. Compared with pre-Delta, more children infected during Delta and Omicron were symptomatic (75.4% pre-Delta, 95.3% Delta, 99.5% Omicron), admitted to intensive care (18.8% pre-Delta, 39.5% Delta, 22.9% Omicron), or received oxygen support (42.0% pre-Delta, 66.3% Delta, 62.3% Omicron). Our data reinforce the need to include children, especially younger children, in pathogen surveillance efforts.
在成年人中,病毒载量和疾病严重程度可能因 SARS-CoV-2 变异株而异,而儿童的这种模式则不太为人所知。我们评估了美国科罗拉多州 2299 名儿科 SARS-CoV-2 患者(0-21 岁)的症状、循环阈值 (Ct) 值和 SARS-CoV-2 变异株,以确定感染 Delta 或奥密克戎变异株的儿童的症状严重程度或 Ct 值是否与早期变异株不同。Delta 和奥密克戎感染期的儿童的 Ct 值低于前期 Delta 感染期,1 岁以下儿童的 Ct 值低于年长儿童。有症状的住院儿童的 Ct 值低于无症状患者。与前期 Delta 相比,Delta 和奥密克戎感染期更多的儿童出现症状(前期 Delta 为 75.4%,Delta 为 95.3%,奥密克戎为 99.5%)、住进重症监护病房(前期 Delta 为 18.8%,Delta 为 39.5%,奥密克戎为 22.9%)或接受吸氧支持(前期 Delta 为 42.0%,Delta 为 66.3%,奥密克戎为 62.3%)。我们的数据强化了将儿童(特别是年幼儿童)纳入病原体监测工作的必要性。