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乙醇与 OMNImet/gene•GUT 粪便稳定化的比较代谢组学和微生物组分析。

Comparative Metabolomics and Microbiome Analysis of Ethanol versus OMNImet/gene•GUT Fecal Stabilization.

机构信息

Research Center for Infections and Immunity, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.

Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Tykistönkatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland.

出版信息

Anal Chem. 2024 Jun 4;96(22):8893-8904. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04436. Epub 2024 May 23.

Abstract

Metabolites from feces provide important insights into the functionality of the gut microbiome. As immediate freezing is not always feasible in gut microbiome studies, there is a need for sampling protocols that provide the stability of the fecal metabolome and microbiome at room temperature (RT). Here, we investigated the stability of various metabolites and the microbiome (16S rRNA) in feces collected in 95% ethanol (EtOH) and commercially available sample collection kits with specific preservatives OMNImet•GUT/OMNIgene•GUT. To simulate field-collection scenarios, the samples were stored at different temperatures at varying durations (24 h + 4 °C, 24 h RT, 36 h RT, 48 h RT, and 7 days RT) and compared to aliquots immediately frozen at -80 °C. We applied several targeted and untargeted metabolomics platforms to measure lipids, polar metabolites, endocannabinoids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and bile acids (BAs). We found that SCFAs in the nonstabilized samples increased over time, while a stable profile was recorded in sample aliquots stored in 95% EtOH and OMNImet•GUT. When comparing the metabolite levels between aliquots stored at room temperature and at +4 °C, we detected several changes in microbial metabolites, including multiple BAs and SCFAs. Taken together, we found that storing samples at RT and stabilizing them in 95% EtOH yielded metabolomic results comparable to those from flash freezing. We also found that the overall composition of the microbiome did not vary significantly between different storage types. However, notable differences were observed in the α diversity. Altogether, the stability of the metabolome and microbiome in 95% EtOH provided results similar to those of the validated commercial collection kits OMNImet•GUT and OMNIgene•GUT, respectively.

摘要

粪便中的代谢物为肠道微生物组的功能提供了重要的见解。由于在肠道微生物组研究中并非总是可以立即进行冷冻,因此需要采用采样方案,以在室温(RT)下提供粪便代谢组和微生物组的稳定性。在这里,我们研究了收集在 95%乙醇(EtOH)中和具有特定防腐剂的市售样品采集试剂盒 OMNImet•GUT/OMNIgene•GUT 中的各种代谢物和微生物组(16S rRNA)的稳定性。为了模拟野外采集场景,将样品在不同温度下储存不同的时间(24 h + 4°C、24 h RT、36 h RT、48 h RT 和 7 天 RT),并与立即在-80°C 冷冻的等分试样进行比较。我们应用了几种靶向和非靶向代谢组学平台来测量脂质、极性代谢物、内源性大麻素、短链脂肪酸(SCFA)和胆汁酸(BA)。我们发现未稳定化样本中的 SCFA 随时间推移而增加,而在 95% EtOH 和 OMNImet•GUT 中储存的样品等分试样中则记录了稳定的图谱。当比较在 RT 下储存的等分试样和在+4°C 下储存的等分试样之间的代谢物水平时,我们检测到微生物代谢物的多种变化,包括多种 BA 和 SCFA。总之,我们发现将样品储存在 RT 并用 95% EtOH 稳定化可产生与快速冷冻相当的代谢组学结果。我们还发现,不同存储类型之间微生物组的总体组成没有明显差异。然而,在α多样性方面观察到了明显的差异。总体而言,95% EtOH 中代谢组和微生物组的稳定性提供的结果分别类似于经过验证的商业采集试剂盒 OMNImet•GUT 和 OMNIgene•GUT。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe16/11154662/11267f9532ca/ac3c04436_0001.jpg

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