Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 May 23;14(1):11831. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-62631-w.
Seasonal variability could have an impact on the incidence and outcome of stroke. However, little is known about the correlation between seasonal variability and location of acute cerebral infarction. This study aimed to explore the relationship between onset season and the lesions distribution of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We retrospectively analysis data from 1488 AIS patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 2018 to 2022. All subjects completed head magnetic resonance imaging examination (MRI) and were divided into four groups according to the onset seasons. The lesions distribution of AIS was evaluated for anterior/posterior/double circulation infarction (DCI), unilateral/bilateral infarctions, and single/multiple cerebral infarctions based on MRI. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the association of season with lesions distribution of AIS. Subgroup analysis was performed in different stroke subtypes. Of 1488 patients, 387 (26.0%) AIS occurred in spring, 425 (28.6%) in summer, 331 (22.2%) in autumn and 345 (23.2%) in winter. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that the winter group had 2.15 times (95% CI:1.44-3.21) risk of multiple infarctions, 2.69 times (95% CI:1.80-4.02) of bilateral infarctions and 1.54 times (95% CI:1.05-2.26) of DCI compared with summer group, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed an increased risk of multiple (p < 0.01) or bilateral infarctions (p < 0.01) in small-artery occlusion (SAO) subtype, and higher risk of bilateral infarctions (p < 0.01) or DCI (p < 0.05) in large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) subtype during winter. No significant associations of season with lesions distribution in cardioembolism subtype. Our study highlighted a prominent seasonal variability in the lesions distribution of AIS, particularly in LAA and SAO subtypes. The findings could help to formulating meteorological risk warning strategies for different subtypes.
季节变化可能会对中风的发病率和结果产生影响。然而，关于季节变化与急性脑梗死部位之间的相关性知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨发病季节与急性缺血性脑卒中（AIS）病变部位的关系。我们回顾性分析了 2018 年至 2022 年期间天津医科大学第二医院收治的 1488 例 AIS 患者的数据。所有患者均完成头部磁共振成像检查（MRI），并根据发病季节分为四组。根据 MRI 评估 AIS 的前/后/双循环梗死（DCI）、单侧/双侧梗死和单发/多发脑梗死的病变分布。采用 logistic 回归模型评估季节与 AIS 病变分布的关系。在不同的脑卒中亚型中进行亚组分析。在 1488 例患者中，387 例（26.0%）AIS 发生在春季，425 例（28.6%）发生在夏季，331 例（22.2%）发生在秋季，345 例（23.2%）发生在冬季。多变量 logistic 回归表明，与夏季组相比，冬季组多发梗死的风险增加 2.15 倍（95%CI：1.44-3.21），双侧梗死的风险增加 2.69 倍（95%CI：1.80-4.02），DCI 的风险增加 1.54 倍（95%CI：1.05-2.26）。亚组分析显示，小动脉闭塞（SAO）亚型多发（p<0.01）或双侧梗死（p<0.01）的风险增加，大动脉粥样硬化（LAA）亚型双侧梗死（p<0.01）或 DCI（p<0.05）的风险增加。季节与心源性栓塞（CE）亚型病变分布无显著相关性。本研究强调了 AIS 病变分布的明显季节性变化，特别是在 LAA 和 SAO 亚型中。这些发现有助于为不同亚型制定气象风险预警策略。
