Aviles-Rosa Edgar, Schultz Jöerg, Maughan Michele N, Gadberry Jenna D, DiPasquale Dana M, Farr Brian, Henderson Andrea, Best Eric, Discepolo Dakota R, Buckley Patricia, Perry Erin B, Zoran Debra L, Hall Nathaniel J
Department of Animal and Food Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
Tier Wohl Team GbR, Rödelsee, Germany.
Front Allergy. 2024 May 9;5:1367669. doi: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1367669. eCollection 2024.
Detection canines serve critical roles to support the military, homeland security and border protection. Some explosive detection tasks are physically demanding for dogs, and prior research suggests this can lead to a reduction in olfactory detection sensitivity. To further evaluate the effect of exercise intensity on olfactory sensitivity, we developed a novel olfactory paradigm that allowed us to measure olfactory detection thresholds while dogs exercised on a treadmill at two different exercise intensities. Dogs ( = 3) showed a decrement in olfactory detection for 1-bromooctane at 10 (v/v) dilutions and lower under greater exercise intensity. Dogs' hit rate for the lowest concentration dropped from 0.87 ± 0.04 when walking at low intensity to below 0.45 ± 0.06 when trotting at moderate intensity. This decline had an interaction with the duration of the session in moderate intensity exercise, whereby dogs performed near 100% detection in the first 10 min of the 8 km/h session, but showed 0% detection after 20 min. Hit rates for high odor concentrations (10) were relatively stable at both low (1 ± 0.00) and moderate (0.91 ± 0.04) exercise intensities. The paradigm and apparatus developed here may be useful to help further understand causes of operationally relevant olfactory detection threshold decline in dogs.
探测犬在支持军事、国土安全和边境保护方面发挥着关键作用。一些爆炸物探测任务对犬类的体力要求很高，先前的研究表明，这可能会导致嗅觉探测灵敏度下降。为了进一步评估运动强度对嗅觉灵敏度的影响，我们开发了一种新颖的嗅觉范式，使我们能够在犬类以两种不同运动强度在跑步机上运动时测量嗅觉探测阈值。犬只（n = 3）在10（v/v）稀释度及更低浓度下，随着运动强度增加，对1-溴辛烷的嗅觉探测能力下降。最低浓度下犬只的命中率从低强度行走时的0.87±0.04降至中等强度小跑时的0.45±0.06以下。这种下降与中等强度运动的时长存在交互作用，在8公里/小时的运动时段中，犬只在前10分钟的探测率接近100%，但20分钟后探测率为0%。高气味浓度（10）的命中率在低强度（1±0.00）和中等强度（0.91±0.04）运动时相对稳定。这里开发的范式和设备可能有助于进一步了解犬类在实际操作中嗅觉探测阈值下降的原因。
