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欧洲医疗保健中的文化能力干预措施:一项范围综述

Cultural Competence Interventions in European Healthcare: A Scoping Review.

作者信息

De-María Berta, Topa Gabriela, López-González M Angeles

机构信息

Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Psychology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Healthcare (Basel). 2024 May 17;12(10):1040. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12101040.

Abstract

Europe is undergoing rapid social change and is distinguished by its cultural superdiversity. Healthcare is facing an increasing need for professionals to adapt to this environment. Thus, the promotion of cultural competence in healthcare has become a priority. However, the training being developed and their suitability for the European context are not well known. The aim of this qualitative study has been to map the scientific literature in order to comprehend the current state of research on this topic. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic scoping review of the empirical publications focused on cultural competence interventions for healthcare professionals in European countries. The search was conducted in eight thematic (PsycINFO, MedLine, and PubPsych) and multidisciplinary databases (Academic Search Ultimate, E-Journals, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science) to identify relevant publications up to 2023. Results were presented qualitatively. Out of the initial 6506 records screened, a total of 63 publications were included. Although the interventions were implemented in 23 different European countries, cultural competence interventions have not been widely adopted in Europe. Significant heterogeneity was observed in the conception and operacionalización of cultural competence models and in the implementation of the interventions. The interventions have mostly aimed at improving healthcare for minority population groups and have focused on the racial and ethnic dimensions of the individual. Future research is needed to contribute to the conceptual development of cultural competence to design programs tailored to European superdiversity. This scoping review has been registered in OSF and is available for consultation.

摘要

欧洲正在经历快速的社会变革,其特点是文化超级多样性。医疗保健领域对专业人员适应这种环境的需求日益增加。因此,促进医疗保健领域的文化能力已成为当务之急。然而,目前正在开展的培训及其对欧洲背景的适用性尚不清楚。这项定性研究的目的是梳理科学文献,以了解该主题的当前研究状况。为此,我们对专注于欧洲国家医疗保健专业人员文化能力干预措施的实证出版物进行了系统的范围综述。检索在八个主题数据库(心理学文摘数据库、医学索引数据库和心理学文摘数据库)和多学科数据库(学术搜索大全、电子期刊、Scopus数据库、ProQuest数据库和科学网)中进行,以识别截至2023年的相关出版物。结果以定性方式呈现。在最初筛选的6506条记录中,共纳入了63篇出版物。尽管这些干预措施在23个不同的欧洲国家实施,但文化能力干预措施在欧洲尚未得到广泛采用。在文化能力模型的概念和操作化以及干预措施的实施方面观察到了显著的异质性。这些干预措施主要旨在改善少数族裔群体的医疗保健,并侧重于个人的种族和民族层面。需要开展进一步的研究,以促进文化能力的概念发展,从而设计出适合欧洲超级多样性的项目。这项范围综述已在开放科学框架(OSF)中注册,可供查阅。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1e60/11120989/3ecb655d50e4/healthcare-12-01040-g001.jpg

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