Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
J Vis. 2024 May 1;24(5):10. doi: 10.1167/jov.24.5.10.
In previous studies, we found that tracking multiple objects involves anticipatory attention, especially in the linear direction, even when a target bounced against a wall. We also showed that active involvement, in which the wall was replaced by a controllable paddle, resulted in increased allocation of attention to the bounce direction. In the current experiments, we wanted to further investigate the potential influence of the valence of the heading of an object. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants were instructed to catch targets with a movable goal. In Experiment 3, participants were instructed to manipulate the permeability of a static wall in order to let targets either approach goals (i.e., green goals) or avoid goals (i.e., red goals). The results of Experiment 1 showed that probe detection ahead of a target that moved in the direction of the goal was higher as compared to probe detection in the direction of a no-goal area. Experiment 2 provided further evidence that the attentional highlighting found in the first experiment depends on the movement direction toward the goal. In Experiment 3, we found that not so much the positive (or neutral) valence (here, the green and no-goal areas) led to increased allocation of attention but rather a negative valence (here the red goals) led to a decreased allocation of attention.
在之前的研究中，我们发现跟踪多个物体涉及到预期注意，尤其是在直线方向上，即使目标撞到墙上反弹。我们还表明，主动参与，即用可控制的桨叶代替墙壁，会导致更多的注意力分配到反弹方向。在当前的实验中，我们希望进一步研究物体朝向的效价的潜在影响。在实验 1 和实验 2 中，参与者被指示用可移动的球门来接住目标。在实验 3 中，参与者被指示控制静态墙壁的渗透性，以便让目标接近球门（即绿色球门）或避开球门（即红色球门）。实验 1 的结果表明，与探测无目标区域的探测相比，探测目标朝着球门方向移动的探测提前更高。实验 2 进一步证明，第一个实验中发现的注意力强调取决于朝向目标的运动方向。在实验 3 中，我们发现，不是积极（或中性）效价（这里是绿色和无目标区域）导致注意力分配增加，而是消极效价（这里是红色球门）导致注意力分配减少。
