College of Nursing, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.
Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui University, Busan, South Korea.
BMC Psychol. 2024 May 24;12(1):292. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-01795-6.
The prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury among South Korean adolescents has increased significantly, requiring academic attention. This methodological study aims to develop a non-suicidal self-injury motivation scale for adolescents and evaluate its validity and reliability.
In the first phase of scale development, the factors constituting self-injury motivation were identified through a literature review and analysis of online counseling data from self-injuring adolescents. In the second phase, 45 initial preliminary items were derived based on the identified factors, and 38 preliminary items were selected through content validation by experts. In the scale validation phase, the survey was conducted using 38 items. Data were collected from adolescents with a history of self-injury, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) involving 715 participants and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) involving 537 participants. The EFA involved 27.0% male and 73.0% female participants, with a mean age of 16.83 years, and the CFA involved 20.7% male and 79.3% female participants, with a mean age of 16.15 years. The data collected were tested for validity and reliability using SPSS 28.0 and M-plus.
The EFA yielded four factors and 24 items. The factors were named interpersonal influence, emotion regulation, sensation seeking, and anti-suicide, and the scale had an explanatory power of 55.8%. In the CFA, the fit of the 23-item model after deleting one item with low standardized factor loadings was x = 1081.52 (p < .001), CFI = 0.829, RMSEA = 0.084, and SRMR = 0.075, confirming the acceptability of the self-injury motivation scale for adolescents. The scale evaluation results for convergent validity and discriminant validity met the criteria. The reliability test results showed that the overall reliability (Cronbach's α) was 0.88, and the reliability (Cronbach's α) of each factor was 0.89 for interpersonal influence, 0.83 for emotion regulation, 0.63 for sensation seeking, and 0.80 for anti-suicide, satisfying internal consistency.
In this study, the self-injury motivation scale for adolescents in the community comprised four factors and 23 items. The scale can be used to examine self-injury motivation among adolescents in the community and to develop self-injury prevention intervention programs.
韩国青少年非自杀性自伤的发生率显著增加，需要引起学术界的关注。本方法学研究旨在为青少年开发非自杀性自伤动机量表，并评估其效度和信度。
在量表编制的第一阶段，通过文献回顾和对自伤青少年在线咨询数据的分析，确定了自伤动机的构成因素。在第二阶段，根据确定的因素得出了 45 个初始初步项目，并通过专家内容验证选择了 38 个初步项目。在量表验证阶段，使用 38 个项目对有自伤史的青少年进行了调查。数据来自 715 名参与者的探索性因子分析（EFA）和 537 名参与者的验证性因子分析（CFA）。EFA 组中 27.0%为男性，73.0%为女性，平均年龄为 16.83 岁，CFA 组中 20.7%为男性，79.3%为女性，平均年龄为 16.15 岁。使用 SPSS 28.0 和 M-plus 对收集的数据进行了效度和信度检验。
EFA 得出了四个因素和 24 个项目。这些因素分别命名为人际影响、情绪调节、寻求刺激和反自杀，量表的解释力为 55.8%。在 CFA 中，删除一个标准化因子负荷较低的项目后的 23 项模型拟合度较好，x=1081.52（p<0.001），CFI=0.829，RMSEA=0.084，SRMR=0.075，证实了青少年自伤动机量表的可接受性。聚合效度和区分效度的量表评价结果符合标准。信度检验结果表明，总体信度（Cronbach's α）为 0.88，人际影响的信度（Cronbach's α）为 0.89，情绪调节的信度（Cronbach's α）为 0.83，寻求刺激的信度（Cronbach's α）为 0.63，反自杀的信度（Cronbach's α）为 0.80，满足内部一致性。
本研究编制的社区青少年自伤动机量表包括四个因素和 23 个项目。该量表可用于检验社区青少年的自伤动机，并可用于制定自伤预防干预计划。
