College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Xinjiang Wool Sheep & Cashmere Goat, Institute of Animal Science, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Apr 28;15(5):570. doi: 10.3390/genes15050570.
The Hetian Qing donkey is an excellent local donkey breed in Xinjiang. It is of great significance to accelerate breeding and the speed of breeding and rejuvenation, as well as to understand the genetic basis of the strategies and population. This study collected a total of 4 male donkeys and 28 female donkeys. It then obtained genotype data through Simplified Genomic Sequencing (GBS) technology for data analysis. The results detected a total of 55,399 SNP loci, and the genotype detection rate of individuals was ≥90%. A total of 45,557 SNP loci were identified through quality control, of which 95.5% were polymorphic. The average minimum allele frequency was 0.250. The average observed heterozygosity was 0.347. The average expected heterozygosity was 0.340. The average IBS (state homologous) genetic distance was 0.268. ROH: 49 (homozygous fragments), with 73.47% of the length between 1 and 5 Mb. The average per-strip ROH length was 1.75 Mb. The mean inbreeding coefficient was 0.003. The 32 Hetian green donkeys could be divided into six families. The number of individuals in each family is significant. To sum up, the Hetian Qing donkey population has low heterozygosity, few families, and large differences in the number of individuals in each family, which can easily cause a loss of genetic diversity. In the subsequent process of seed protection, seed selection should be conducted according to the divided pedigree to ensure the long-term protection of the genetic resources of Hetian green donkeys.
和田青驴是新疆优秀的地方驴品种，对加快其繁殖速度和选育速度、品种更新，以及了解其遗传基础策略和群体具有重要意义。本研究共采集 4 匹公驴和 28 匹母驴，通过简化基因组测序（GBS）技术获得基因型数据进行分析。结果共检测到 55399 个 SNP 位点，个体基因型检测率≥90%。通过质量控制共鉴定出 45557 个 SNP 位点，其中 95.5%为多态性。平均最小等位基因频率为 0.250。平均观测杂合度为 0.347。平均期望杂合度为 0.340。平均 IBS（等位基因同源）遗传距离为 0.268。ROH：49（纯合片段），长度在 1-5Mb 之间的占 73.47%。平均每条 ROH 长度为 1.75Mb。平均近交系数为 0.003。32 匹和田绿驴可分为 6 个家系，每个家系的个体数差异显著。综上，和田青驴群体杂合度低，家系少，每个家系个体数差异大，容易造成遗传多样性丢失。在后续的保种过程中，应根据划分的系谱进行选种，以确保和田绿驴遗传资源的长期保护。
