Maisto Maria, Marzocchi Adua, Ciampaglia Roberto, Piccolo Vincenzo, Keivani Niloufar, Summa Vincenzo, Tenore Gian Carlo
ChimNutra Labs, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 May 16;13(5):610. doi: 10.3390/antiox13050610.
Environmental contamination by heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a significant global issue in recent decades. Among natural substances, food-deriving polyphenols have found a valuable application in chelating therapy, partially limited by their low water solubility. Thus, three different hydroalcoholic extracts titrated in quercetin (QE), ellagic acid (EA), and curcumin (CUR) were formulated using maltodextrins as carriers, achieving a powder with a valuable water solubility (MQE 91.3 ± 1.2%, MEA 93.4 ± 2.1, and MCUR 89.3 ± 2%). Overcoming the problem of water solubility, such formulations were tested in an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion experiment conducted on a water sample with standardized concentrations of the principal HMs. Our results indicate that regarding the nonessential HMs investigated (Pb, Cd, As, Sb, and Hg), MQE has been shown to be the most effective in increasing the HMs' non-bioaccessible concentration, resulting in concentration increases in Cd of 68.3%, in As of 51.9%, in Hg of 58.9%, in Pb of 271.4, and in Sb of 111.2% ( control, < 0.001) in non-bioaccessible fractions. Regarding the essential HMs, MEA has shown the greatest capability to increase their intestinal bioaccessibility, resulting in +68.5%, +61.1, and +22.3% ( control, < 0.001) increases in Cu, Zn, and Fe, respectively. Finally, considering the strong relation between the antiradical and chelating activities, the radical scavenging potentials of the formulations was assayed in DPPH and ABTS assays.
近几十年来，重金属对环境的污染已成为一个重大的全球性问题。在天然物质中，源自食物的多酚在螯合疗法中得到了有价值的应用，但部分受到其低水溶性的限制。因此，使用麦芽糊精作为载体，制备了三种分别以槲皮素（QE）、鞣花酸（EA）和姜黄素（CUR）滴定的不同水醇提取物，得到了一种具有良好水溶性的粉末（MQE 91.3 ± 1.2%，MEA 93.4 ± 2.1，MCUR 89.3 ± 2%）。克服了水溶性问题后，在对含有标准浓度主要重金属的水样进行的体外模拟胃肠消化实验中对这些制剂进行了测试。我们的结果表明，对于所研究的非必需重金属（铅、镉、砷、锑和汞），MQE已被证明在提高重金属的非生物可利用浓度方面最有效，导致非生物可利用部分中镉的浓度增加68.3%，砷增加51.9%，汞增加58.9%，铅增加271.4%，锑增加111.2%（对照组，<0.001）。对于必需重金属，MEA显示出最大的提高其肠道生物可及性的能力，导致铜、锌和铁的含量分别增加+68.5%、+61.1和+22.3%（对照组，<0.001）。最后，考虑到抗自由基和螯合活性之间的密切关系，在DPPH和ABTS测定中对制剂的自由基清除潜力进行了测定。
