The Pathway-Selective Dependence of Nitric Oxide for Long-Term Potentiation in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of Adult Mice.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key diffusible messenger in the mammalian brain. It has been proposed that NO may diffuse in retrograde into presynaptic terminals, contributing to the induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). Here, we present novel evidence that NO is selectively required for the synaptic potentiation of the interhemispheric projection in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Unilateral low-frequency stimulation (LFS) induced a short-term synaptic potentiation on the contralateral ACC through the corpus callosum (CC). The use of the antagonists of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR), or the inhibitor of the L-type voltage-dependent Ca channels (L-VDCCs), blocked the induction of this ACC-ACC potentiation. In addition, the inhibitor of NO synthase, or inhibitors for its downstream signaling pathway, also blocked this ACC-ACC potentiation. However, the application of the NOS inhibitor blocked neither the local electric stimulation-induced LTP nor the stimulation-induced recruitment of silent responses. Our results present strong evidence for the pathway-selective roles of NO in the LTP of the ACC.