Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
Djurali Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research, Heart Research Institute, Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 May 7;21(5):601. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21050601.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the combined effects of clinician-led and community-based group exercise interventions on a range of health outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our literature search spanned Medline, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases, focusing on peer-reviewed studies published between January 2003 and January 2023. We included studies involving participants aged 18 years and older and articles published in English, resulting in a dataset of eight studies with 938 participants. Spanning eight peer-reviewed studies with 938 participants, the analysis focused on the interventions' impact on glycemic control, physical fitness, and anthropometric and hematological measurements. Outcomes related to physical fitness, assessed through the six-minute walk test, the 30 s sit-to-stand test, and the chair sit-and-reach test, were extracted from five studies, all of which reported improvements. Anthropometric outcomes from seven studies highlighted positive changes in waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure; however, measures such as body mass index, systolic blood pressure, weight, and resting heart rate did not exhibit significant changes. Hematological outcomes, reviewed in four studies, showed significant improvements in fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, with glycemic control evidenced by reductions in HbA1c levels, yet LDL and HDL cholesterol levels remained unaffected. Ten of the fifteen outcome measures assessed showed significant enhancement, indicating that the intervention strategies implemented may offer substantial health benefits for managing key type 2 diabetes mellitus-related health parameters. These findings in combination with further research, could inform the refinement of physical activity guidelines for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, advocating for supervised group exercise in community settings.
本系统评价和荟萃分析评估了临床医生主导和基于社区的团体运动干预对 2 型糖尿病患者多种健康结果的综合影响。我们的文献检索涵盖了 Medline、Scopus、PubMed、Embase 和 CINAHL 数据库，重点关注 2003 年 1 月至 2023 年 1 月期间发表的同行评议研究。我们纳入了年龄在 18 岁及以上的参与者的研究和发表在英语中的文章，共纳入了 8 项研究，涉及 938 名参与者。该分析涵盖了 8 项同行评议研究，涉及 938 名参与者，重点关注干预措施对血糖控制、身体适应性和人体测量学和血液学测量的影响。通过 6 分钟步行试验、30 秒坐站试验和坐椅坐伸试验评估的与身体适应性相关的结果来自 5 项研究，这些研究均报告了改善。来自 7 项研究的人体测量学结果强调了腰围和舒张压的积极变化；然而，体重指数、收缩压、体重和静息心率等指标没有显示出显著变化。四项研究回顾了血液学结果，显示空腹血糖、甘油三酯和总胆固醇显著改善，糖化血红蛋白水平降低表明血糖控制得到改善，但 LDL 和 HDL 胆固醇水平没有变化。评估的 15 个结果指标中有 10 个显示出显著增强，表明实施的干预策略可能为管理 2 型糖尿病相关的关键健康参数提供实质性的健康益处。这些发现结合进一步的研究，可以为 2 型糖尿病患者的体力活动指南的完善提供信息，倡导在社区环境中进行监督下的团体运动。
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