Fomenko Elena V, Anshits Natalia N, Solovyov Leonid A, Shabanov Vasily F, Anshits Alexander G
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Akademgorodok 50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Molecules. 2024 May 19;29(10):2391. doi: 10.3390/molecules29102391.
Sorption technologies are essential for various industries because they provide product quality and process efficiency. New encapsulated microspherical composite sorbents have been developed for resource-saving contact drying of thermolabile materials, particularly grain and seeds of crops. Magnesium sulfate, known for its high water capacity, fast sorption kinetics, and easy regeneration, was used as an active moisture sorption component. To localize the active component, porous carriers with an accessible internal volume and a perforated glass-crystalline shell were used. These carriers were created by acid etching of cenospheres with different structures isolated from fly ash. The amount of magnesium sulfate included in the internal volume of the microspherical carrier was 38 wt % for cenospheres with ring structures and 26 wt % for cenospheres with network structures. Studies of the moisture sorption properties of composite sorbents on wheat seeds have shown that after 4 h of contact drying the moisture content of wheat decreases from 22.5 to 14.9-15.5 wt %. Wheat seed germination after sorption drying was 95 ± 2%. The advantage of composite sorbents is the encapsulation of the desiccant in the inner volume of perforated cenospheres, which prevents its entrainment and contamination and provides easy separation and stable sorption capacity in several cycles.
吸附技术对各个行业都至关重要，因为它们能保证产品质量并提高工艺效率。现已开发出新型封装微球形复合吸附剂，用于对热不稳定材料进行资源节约型接触干燥，特别是农作物的谷物和种子。硫酸镁因其高水容量、快速吸附动力学和易于再生而闻名，被用作活性吸湿成分。为了定位活性成分，使用了具有可及内部容积和多孔玻璃晶体外壳的多孔载体。这些载体是通过对从粉煤灰中分离出的不同结构的空心微珠进行酸蚀而制成的。对于具有环形结构的空心微珠，微球形载体内所含硫酸镁的量为38 wt%，对于具有网状结构的空心微珠则为26 wt%。对复合吸附剂在小麦种子上的吸湿性能研究表明，接触干燥4小时后，小麦的含水量从22.5%降至14.9 - 15.5 wt%。吸附干燥后小麦种子的发芽率为95±2%。复合吸附剂的优点在于将干燥剂封装在多孔空心微珠的内部容积中，这可防止其夹带和污染，并在多个循环中提供易于分离和稳定的吸附能力。
