Division of Anatomy, Department 1, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, RO-020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Research Department, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency Hospital, RO-010825 Bucharest, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Apr 27;60(5):726. doi: 10.3390/medicina60050726.
: The upper posterior teeth are typically regarded as being exclusively inferior to the maxillary sinus (MS). The expansion of the nasal fossa above the maxillary alveolar base (MAB) needs better investigation. The hypothesis was raised that the MAB in the upper premolar region, which is usually addressed by surgeons for the elevation of the antral floor, is not exclusively beneath the MS. Therefore, we aimed to document the possible upper relations of the MAB as antral, nasal, or both. : A total of 145 CBCT scans were used to study four types of MAB: type 1-antral; type 2-antral with a palatal recess; type 3-antral and nasal; type 4-nasal. In type 2, the orthoradial width of the alveolar bone, the rectilinear width of the antral floor, and the maximum depth of the palatal recess were measured. For type 3, the MAB width and the straight widths of the antral and nasal segments of the MAB were measured. : Type 1 was found in 67.24%, type 2 in 13.45%, type 3 in 16.21%, and type 4 in 3.1% of the 290 MSs investigated. Palatal recesses were found in 11.72% of the MSs on the right side and 15.17% of the MSs on the left side. Types 1 and 2 exhibited strongly statistically significant bilateral symmetry (Pearson's Chi2 = 86.42, < 0.001). Type 3 correlated equally with contralateral types 1 and 3. The bilateral symmetry for types 1-3 was stronger in the males (Pearson's Chi2 = 47.83, < 0.001) than in the females (Pearson's Chi2 = 56.96, < 0.001). There were no statistically significant associations between sex and the unilateral anatomical type. : The MAB in the upper second premolar area should not be considered to be exclusively antral during surgeries or in anatomical teaching.
上颌后牙通常被认为仅位于上颌窦（MS）下方。上颌牙槽基底（MAB）上方的鼻腔扩展需要更好的研究。有人提出假设，即上颌前磨牙区域的 MAB 通常被外科医生用于提升窦底，而不仅仅位于 MS 下方。因此，我们旨在记录 MAB 可能与窦腔、鼻腔或两者都有关联的关系。
总共使用了 145 个 CBCT 扫描来研究四种类型的 MAB：类型 1-窦腔；类型 2-窦腔伴腭隐窝；类型 3-窦腔和鼻腔；类型 4-鼻腔。在类型 2 中，测量牙槽骨的正交宽度、窦底的直线宽度和腭隐窝的最大深度。对于类型 3，测量 MAB 宽度以及 MAB 的窦腔和鼻腔段的直线宽度。
在研究的 290 个 MS 中，发现类型 1 占 67.24%，类型 2 占 13.45%，类型 3 占 16.21%，类型 4 占 3.1%。右侧 MS 中有 11.72%和左侧 MS 中有 15.17%存在腭隐窝。类型 1 和 2 表现出双侧对称的显著统计学意义（皮尔逊卡方=86.42，<0.001）。类型 3 与对侧类型 1 和 3 相等相关。男性（皮尔逊卡方=47.83，<0.001）的类型 1-3 的双侧对称性强于女性（皮尔逊卡方=56.96，<0.001）。性别与单侧解剖类型之间没有统计学上的显著关联。
上颌第二前磨牙区域的 MAB 在手术或解剖教学中不应被认为仅为窦腔。
