Jaskólski Piotr, Sutowska Marzena, Zawadka Wojciech, Malorny Winfried, Rokosz Krzysztof, Nadolny Krzysztof
Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, Racławicka 15-17, 75-620 Koszalin, Poland.
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Hochschule Wismar, Philipp-Müller-Straße 14, 23966 Wismar, Germany.
Materials (Basel). 2024 May 18;17(10):2434. doi: 10.3390/ma17102434.
The use of CNC equipment that integrates several machining operations eliminates downtime due to changes in setup and clamping of workpieces in more than one machining device. A review of CNC equipment and tools known from the literature and from manufacturers' offerings indicates that new technical solutions are being developed to integrate two or more technological operations. However, these examples have numerous limitations and are mostly not suitable for machining surfaces with complex shapes. An example of such solutions is the use of a dual-tool grinding head, which integrates the process of rough grinding with a ceramic grinding wheel and finish grinding with a flexible grinding wheel. Unfortunately, it has the disadvantage of being limited by the angular shape of the ceramic grinding wheel, making it unable to adapt to the complex geometries of the shaped surfaces being ground. The need to overcome this limitation became the motivation for the research work described in this article. By means of experimental research, it was verified what effect the radial outline on the periphery of a ceramic grinding wheel realized by rough grinding would have on the surface roughness parameters obtained in the process of grinding shaped surfaces. For this purpose, grinding processes using a ceramic wheel with a conical and radial outline were compared. The result of the study was a summary of the surface roughness parameters , , , , , and obtained after two-stage machining (rough and finish grinding). The obtained analysis results showed that changing the axial outline of the ceramic grinding wheel makes it possible to significantly expand the range of applications of the dual-tool head without negatively affecting the quality of the machined surface. Thus, such an improvement will make it possible to increase the applicability of the head by grinding shaped surfaces with a radial profile of curvature.
集成多种加工操作的数控设备的使用消除了因在多个加工设备中设置和夹紧工件而导致的停机时间。对文献和制造商产品中已知的数控设备及工具的回顾表明，正在开发新的技术解决方案以集成两种或更多种工艺操作。然而，这些示例有诸多局限性，大多不适用于加工复杂形状的表面。此类解决方案的一个例子是使用双砂轮磨头，它将用陶瓷砂轮进行粗磨的过程与用柔性砂轮进行精磨的过程集成在一起。不幸的是，它有受陶瓷砂轮角形状限制的缺点，使其无法适应被磨削成形表面的复杂几何形状。克服这一限制的需求成为了本文所述研究工作的动机。通过实验研究，验证了粗磨所实现的陶瓷砂轮周边径向轮廓对磨削成形表面过程中获得的表面粗糙度参数有何种影响。为此，比较了使用具有锥形和径向轮廓的陶瓷砂轮的磨削过程。研究结果是对两阶段加工（粗磨和精磨）后获得的表面粗糙度参数(R_a)、(R_z)、(R_{max})、(R_{min})、(S_m)、(S_{ku})和(S_{sk})的总结。所获得的分析结果表明，改变陶瓷砂轮的轴向轮廓能够显著扩大双砂轮磨头的应用范围，而不会对加工表面质量产生负面影响。因此，这样的改进将使得通过磨削具有径向曲率轮廓的成形表面来提高磨头的适用性成为可能。
