International Degree Program in Animal Vaccine Technology, International College, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
Viruses. 2024 May 18;16(5):805. doi: 10.3390/v16050805.
Parrot bornavirus (PaBV) is an infectious disease linked with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) with severe digestive and neurological symptoms affecting psittacine birds. Despite its detection in 2008, PaBV prevalence in Taiwan remains unexplored. Taiwan is one of the leading psittacine bird breeders; hence, understanding the distribution of PaBV aids preventive measures in controlling spread, early disease recognition, epidemiology, and transmission dynamics. Here, we aimed to detect the prevalence rate of PaBV and assess its genetic variation in Taiwan. Among 124 psittacine birds tested, fifty-seven were PaBV-positive, a prevalence rate of 45.97%. Most of the PaBV infections were adult psittacine birds, with five birds surviving the infection, resulting in a low survival rate (8.77%). A year of parrot bornavirus surveillance presented a seasonal pattern, with peak PaBV infection rates occurring in the spring season (68%) and the least in the summer season (25%), indicating the occurrence of PaBV infections linked to seasonal factors. Histopathology reveals severe meningoencephalitis in the cerebellum and dilated cardiomyopathy of the heart in psittacine birds who suffered from PDD. Three brain samples underwent X/P gene sequencing, revealing PaBV-2 and PaBV-4 viral genotypes through phylogenetic analyses. This underscores the necessity for ongoing PaBV surveillance and further investigation into its pathophysiology and transmission routes.
鹦鹉呼肠孤病毒（PaBV）是一种传染病，与前胃扩张病（PDD）有关，具有严重的消化和神经症状，影响鹦鹉科鸟类。尽管它于 2008 年被发现，但在台湾的流行情况仍未得到探索。台湾是主要的鹦鹉养殖地之一；因此，了解 PaBV 的分布有助于控制其传播、早期疾病识别、流行病学和传播动态的预防措施。在这里，我们旨在检测 PaBV 在台湾的流行率并评估其遗传变异。在检测的 124 只鹦鹉中，有 57 只 PaBV 呈阳性，流行率为 45.97%。大多数 PaBV 感染发生在成年鹦鹉中，有 5 只鸟幸存下来，存活率较低（8.77%）。一年的鹦鹉呼肠孤病毒监测呈现季节性模式，春季 PaBV 感染率最高（68%），夏季最低（25%），表明 PaBV 感染与季节性因素有关。组织病理学显示，患有 PDD 的鹦鹉小脑严重脑膜脑炎和心脏扩张性心肌病。对三个脑组织样本进行 X/P 基因测序，通过系统发育分析显示 PaBV-2 和 PaBV-4 病毒基因型。这强调了需要对 PaBV 进行持续监测，并进一步研究其病理生理学和传播途径。
