Tripodi Domenico, Dominici Roberto, Sacco Davide, Pozzobon Claudia, Spiti Simona, Falbo Rosanna, Brambilla Paolo, Mascagni Paolo, Leoni Valerio
Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 May 7;12(5):506. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12050506.
The assessment of antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is of critical importance to verify the protective efficacy of available vaccines. Hospital healthcare workers play an essential role in the care and treatment of patients and were particularly at risk of contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic. The vaccination protocol introduced in our hospital protected the workers and contributed to the containment of the infection' s spread and transmission, although a reduction in vaccine efficacy against symptomatic and breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals was observed over time. Here, we present the results of a longitudinal and prospective analysis of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at multiple time points over a 17-month period to determine how circulating antibody levels change over time following natural infection and vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 before (T0-T4) and after the spread of the omicron variant (T5-T6), analyzing the antibody response of 232 healthy workers at the Pio XI hospital in Desio. A General Estimating Equation model indicated a significant association of the antibody response with time intervals and hospital area, independent of age and sex. Specifically, a similar pattern of antibody response was observed between the surgery and administrative departments, and a different pattern with higher peaks of average antibody response was observed in the emergency and medical departments. Furthermore, using a logistic model, we found no differences in contracting SARS-CoV-2 after the third dose based on the hospital department. Finally, analysis of antibody distribution following the spread of the omicron variant, subdividing the cohort of positive individuals into centiles, highlighted a cut-off of 550 BAU/mL and showed that subjects with antibodies below this are more susceptible to infection than those with a concentration above the established cut-off value.
评估针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的抗体反应对于验证现有疫苗的保护效力至关重要。医院医护人员在患者的护理和治疗中发挥着重要作用，并且在疫情期间尤其有感染SARS-CoV-2的风险。尽管随着时间的推移，观察到接种疫苗的个体对有症状感染和突破性感染的疫苗效力有所降低，但我院引入的疫苗接种方案保护了医护人员，并有助于控制感染的传播。在此，我们展示了一项纵向和前瞻性分析的结果，该分析在17个月的多个时间点检测了抗SARS-CoV-2抗体，以确定在自然感染和接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后（T0-T4）以及奥密克戎变异株传播之前（T0-T4）和之后（T5-T6）循环抗体水平如何随时间变化，分析了德西奥皮奥十一世医院232名健康医护人员的抗体反应。广义估计方程模型表明，抗体反应与时间间隔和医院科室显著相关，与年龄和性别无关。具体而言，外科和行政部门之间观察到相似的抗体反应模式，而急诊和内科部门观察到不同的模式，平均抗体反应峰值更高。此外，使用逻辑模型，我们发现基于医院科室，第三剂疫苗接种后感染SARS-CoV-2没有差异。最后，对奥密克戎变异株传播后抗体分布的分析，将阳性个体队列细分为百分位数，突出显示了550 BAU/mL的临界值，并表明抗体低于此值的受试者比浓度高于既定临界值的受试者更容易感染。
