Đorđević Milena, Cerović Radosav, Meland Mekjell, Akšić Milica Fotirić
Fruit Research Institute, Kralja Petra I/9, 32000 Čačak, Serbia.
Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
Plants (Basel). 2024 May 14;13(10):1359. doi: 10.3390/plants13101359.
This paper reports on a study investigating the viability and senescence of plum ovules when exposed to different constant temperatures over two years. The research was conducted on the primary and secondary ovules of four plum cultivars: 'Mallard', 'Edda', 'Jubileum', and 'Reeves'. The results show that the first indication of ovule viability loss was callose accumulation, which was detected using the fluorescent dye aniline blue. All cultivars had viable ovules, in different percentages, at 8 °C on the twelfth day after anthesis. However, at higher temperatures, distinct patterns emerged, indicating the adaptability of each cultivar at certain temperatures. The first indication of callose accumulation became visible at the chalazal pole. After anthesis, the ovule's ability to remain viable gradually reduced, followed by callose deposition throughout the ovary. The cultivars 'Edda' and 'Reeves', from 6 days after anthesis onward, in both years, showed the highest percentage of nonviable ovules. In contrast, the 'Jubileum' cultivar demonstrated the highest percentage of viable ovules. The loss of viability of secondary ovules followed a similar pattern to that of the primary ovules in all cultivars. This research provides valuable insights into embryological processes, which can help in the following breeding programs, and to cultivate plum cultivars in Western Norway's climate conditions.
本文报道了一项为期两年的研究，该研究调查了李属胚珠在暴露于不同恒温条件下的活力和衰老情况。研究针对四个李品种“绿头鸭”（Mallard）、“埃达”（Edda）、“禧年”（Jubileum）和“李维斯”（Reeves）的初级和次级胚珠展开。结果表明，胚珠活力丧失的首个迹象是胼胝质积累，这是通过荧光染料苯胺蓝检测到的。在花后第12天，所有品种在8℃时都有不同比例的有活力胚珠。然而，在较高温度下，出现了不同的模式，表明每个品种在特定温度下的适应性。胼胝质积累的首个迹象在合点端可见。花后，胚珠保持活力的能力逐渐下降，随后整个子房出现胼胝质沉积。“埃达”和“李维斯”品种在这两年中，从花后第6天起，无活力胚珠的比例最高。相比之下，“禧年”品种有活力胚珠的比例最高。所有品种中，次级胚珠活力丧失的模式与初级胚珠相似。这项研究为胚胎学过程提供了有价值的见解，有助于后续的育种计划，并在挪威西部的气候条件下培育李品种。
