Vice-chancellorship of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Catholic University of Cibao, La Vega, Dominican Republic.
Diagnostic Imaging Department, Regional Medical Center of Barahona, Dominican Republic.
Postgrad Med. 2024 May;136(4):358-365. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2024.2360886. Epub 2024 Jun 13.
Hiatal hernia (HH) is a common disease in the general population. It is often asymptomatic, but if it does present clinical manifestations, these are usually gastrointestinal. Gastroesophageal reflux is the main symptom that accompanies it. Depending on the severity of the hernia, it is classified into several subtypes from I-IV. Especially, IV type (giant HH) can lead to various cardiopulmonary symptoms with several degrees of severity. It is necessary to keep this possibility in mind among the various differential diagnoses that may occur in this clinical setting. The current paper aims to review the literature on classic and novel information on the HH - cardiovascular system relationship. Epidemiological data, physiological aspects of the heart compressed by HH, cardiovascular symptoms, electrocardiographic changes, echocardiographic alterations and clinical implications are discussed.
食管裂孔疝（HH）是一种常见的普通人群疾病。它通常无症状，但如果出现临床症状，通常是胃肠道症状。胃食管反流是伴随它的主要症状。根据疝的严重程度，它可分为 I-IV 几类。特别是 IV 型（巨大 HH）可导致各种心肺症状，严重程度不同。在这种临床情况下，可能会出现各种鉴别诊断，有必要考虑到这种可能性。本文旨在综述关于 HH-心血管系统关系的经典和新信息的文献。讨论了流行病学数据、HH 压迫心脏的生理方面、心血管症状、心电图变化、超声心动图改变和临床意义。
