College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China; Center of Synthetic Biology and Integrated Bioengineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China; Center of Synthetic Biology and Integrated Bioengineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jul 15;473:134677. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134677. Epub 2024 May 23.
The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soils has received extensive attention regarding its impacts on environmental, animal, and human systems under One Health. However, the health risks of soil ARGs and microbial determinants of soil resistomes remain poorly understood. Here, a nationwide metagenomic investigation of ARGs in cropland and forest soils in China was conducted. The findings indicated that the abundance and richness of high-risk (i.e., mobilizable, pathogen-carriable and clinically relevant) ARGs in cropland soils were 25.7 times and 8.4 times higher, respectively, compared to those identified in forest soils, suggesting the contribution of agricultural practices to the elevated risk level of soil resistomes. The biosynthetic potential of antibacterials best explained the total ARG abundance (Mantel's r = 0.52, p < 0.001) when compared with environmental variables and anthropogenic disturbance. Both microbial producers' self-resistance and antagonistic interactions contributed to the ARG abundance, of which self-resistance ARGs account for 14.1 %- 35.1 % in abundance. With the increased biosynthetic potential of antibacterials, the antagonistic interactions within the microbial community were greatly enhanced, leading to a significant increase in ARG abundance. Overall, these findings advance our understanding of the emergence and dissemination of soil ARGs and provide critical implications for the risk control of soil resistomes.
土壤中抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的存在因其对“同一健康”下的环境、动物和人类系统的影响而受到广泛关注。然而，土壤 ARGs 的健康风险和土壤抗药性的微生物决定因素仍知之甚少。在这里，对中国农田和森林土壤中的 ARGs 进行了全国范围的宏基因组调查。研究结果表明，农田土壤中高风险（即可移动、携带病原体和临床相关）ARGs 的丰度和丰富度分别比森林土壤高 25.7 倍和 8.4 倍，这表明农业实践对土壤抗药性水平升高的贡献。与环境变量和人为干扰相比，抗菌药物的生物合成潜力能更好地解释总 ARG 丰度（Mantel's r = 0.52，p < 0.001）。微生物生产者的自我抗性和拮抗相互作用都有助于 ARG 的丰度，其中自我抗性 ARGs 的丰度占 14.1%-35.1%。随着抗菌药物生物合成潜力的增加，微生物群落内部的拮抗相互作用大大增强，导致 ARG 丰度显著增加。总的来说，这些发现增进了我们对土壤 ARGs 的出现和传播的理解，并为土壤抗药性的风险控制提供了关键的启示。
