Post R B, Leibowitz H W
Perception. 1985;14(5):631-43. doi: 10.1068/p140631.
The analysis of motion perception historically has included efferent as well as afferent mechanisms to account for the perception of motion during eye movement. The application of efferent mechanisms to motion perception has been limited, however, by several illusions which are apparently inconsistent with the notion that oculomotor mechanisms contribute to motion perception. An alternative account is presented of the manner in which efference may contribute to the perception of motion. It is proposed that distinct smooth eye-movement systems contribute differentially to object motion perception. Specifically, activity in the smooth pursuit system gives rise to the perception of object motion, whereas activity in the smooth component of reflexive eye movements does not. Tracking of a moving object results in object motion perception as a result of efference in the pursuit system. However, the pursuit system may be activated to oppose the smooth component of reflexive eye movements in order to preserve fixation on a stationary object. In such cases neither the fixated object nor the eye is moving but illusory movement results from the efference in the pursuit system. A number of illusory movement phenomena are interpreted in terms of this model.
从历史角度来看，运动感知分析涵盖了传出机制以及传入机制，用于解释眼球运动过程中的运动感知。然而，传出机制在运动感知中的应用受到了一些错觉的限制，这些错觉显然与动眼机制有助于运动感知这一观点不一致。本文提出了一种关于传出信息可能如何促进运动感知的不同解释。具体而言，不同的平稳眼球运动系统对物体运动感知的贡献各不相同。确切地说，平稳跟踪系统中的活动会引发对物体运动的感知，而反射性眼球运动的平稳部分中的活动则不会。对移动物体的跟踪会由于跟踪系统中的传出信息而导致物体运动感知。然而，为了保持对静止物体的注视，跟踪系统可能会被激活以对抗反射性眼球运动的平稳部分。在这种情况下，被注视物体和眼睛都没有移动，但由于跟踪系统中的传出信息而产生了虚幻运动。许多虚幻运动现象都根据这一模型进行了解释。
