Data on four species of Micoletzky, 1922 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from southern and southeastern Iran, including description of a new species.

Four species of the genus were recovered from southern (Bushehr province) and southeastern (Southern Khorasan province) Iran. The first species, n. sp. represents a new member to the genus and is characterised by 4.8-5.6 mm long females with anteriorly flattened lip region separated from the rest of the body by depression, amphidial fovea pocket-shaped without lobes, tail conical, dorsally convex, ventrally almost straight with bluntly rounded tip and males in population. By having similar lip region and tail shape, the new species most closely resembles five species , and . It represents the cryptic form of the last species. The second species belongs to , recovered in both southern and southeastern Iran, representing the first record of the species after its original description. As an update to the characteristics of this species, it's all juvenile developmental stages were recovered and described. The criteria to separate L. mirus from two closely related species, and , are discussed. The third species belongs to , a new record in southern Iran. The fourth species, was recovered in high population density in association with date palm trees in Bushehr province. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species and recovered populations of and were reconstructed using two ribosomal markers and the resulted topologies were discussed.