Di Domenico Marina, Motta Alessandro, Dai Pra Tommaso, Cantore Stefania, Dioguardi Mario, Zanella Eugenia Rosalinda, Arrigoni Roberto, De Vito Danila, Mastrangelo Filiberto
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Operative Unit of Oral Surgery for Special Needs and Dentistry, Trento Hospital, Borgo Valsugana, Trento, Italy.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2025;25(4):271-280. doi: 10.2174/0118715303296892240506100532.
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted all areas of daily life, including medical care. Unfortunately, to date, no specific treatments have been found for the cure of this disease, and therefore, it is advisable to implement all possible strategies to prevent infection. In this context, it is important to better define the role of all behaviors, in particular nutrition, in order to establish whether these can both prevent infection and improve the outcome of the disease in patients with COVID-19. There is sufficient evidence to demonstrate that immune response can be weakened by inadequate nutrition. Nutrition management and treatment are very important to enhance the immune response of an infected person against RNA viral infection. A complete nutritional assessment should include anthropometric, dietary, and laboratorial assessment, as well as a multidisciplinary discussion about the patient's clinical condition. In this way, it is possible to establish an individualized nutritional approach to contribute to improving clinical and nutritional prognoses. From this point of view, diet, through intake of vitamins and trace elements and maintaining adequate functioning of the intestinal barrier, can reduce the severity of the COVID-19 infection. In this study, we provide an overview of the effects of diet on COVID-19 infection in non-cancer patients. This notion needs to be further evaluated, and thus, identification, characterization, and targeting of the right nutrition principles related to the management of patients with COVID-19 are likely to improve outcomes and may prevent the infection or lead to a cure.
新冠疫情影响了日常生活的方方面面，包括医疗保健。不幸的是，迄今为止，尚未找到治疗该疾病的特效疗法，因此，建议采取一切可能的策略来预防感染。在此背景下，明确所有行为，尤其是营养方面的行为所起的作用非常重要，以便确定这些行为是否既能预防感染，又能改善新冠患者的疾病预后。有充分证据表明，营养不足会削弱免疫反应。营养管理和治疗对于增强感染者对RNA病毒感染的免疫反应非常重要。全面的营养评估应包括人体测量、饮食和实验室评估，以及关于患者临床状况的多学科讨论。通过这种方式，可以制定个性化的营养方案，以有助于改善临床和营养预后。从这个角度来看，饮食通过摄入维生素和微量元素以及维持肠道屏障的正常功能，可以减轻新冠感染的严重程度。在本研究中，我们概述了饮食对非癌症患者新冠感染的影响。这一观点需要进一步评估，因此，确定、描述和针对与新冠患者管理相关的正确营养原则可能会改善治疗结果，并可能预防感染或实现治愈。
