Alruwaili Bashayer Farhan, Bayyumi Duaa Fahad, Alruwaili Ohud Saud, Alsadun Razan Saud, Alanazi Amal Sulaiman, Hadi Amal, Alruwaili Nada Kareem S, Thirunavukkarasu Ashokkumar, Aldaghmani Norah Farhan, Alrayes Aljawharah Abdulrahman
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024 May 21;17:2095-2103. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S458003. eCollection 2024.
In recent years, the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have experienced alarming increases in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. This updated systematic review sought to measure the prevalence and determinants of obesity and overweight among children and adolescents in MENA countries. A literature search for relevant observational studies published in English was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Saudi Digital Library. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Twenty-one published articles during the past five years were included in the systematic review. Varied approaches were used to diagnose childhood overweight and obesity, including the International Obesity Taskforce (IOTF), Centre for Disease Control (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO), and Saudi Growth Pattern Curves. We found that the combined prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in the Middle East is up to 49.4%, depending on the methods applied in their studies. Risk factors identified were age, male gender, lack of sufficient physical activity, consumption of fried food, perceived stress level, number of family members, family size, mother's occupation, education level, family history of obesity, high energy consumption from carbohydrates, ≥2 hours spent on watching television on weekend days with overweight, and always eating breakfast while watching television with obesity. The results of this review indicate that the issue of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in the Middle East is substantial and concerning. Most of the risk factors identified are modifiable and, if given appropriate attention, could significantly reduce the burden of associated chronic complications.
近年来，中东和北非（MENA）地区各国儿童超重和肥胖的患病率出现了惊人的增长。本次更新的系统评价旨在衡量中东和北非国家儿童及青少年肥胖和超重的患病率及决定因素。通过PubMed、科学网、谷歌学术和沙特数字图书馆对以英文发表的相关观察性研究进行了文献检索。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估偏倚风险。过去五年发表的21篇文章被纳入该系统评价。研究采用了多种方法来诊断儿童超重和肥胖，包括国际肥胖特别工作组（IOTF）、疾病控制中心（CDC）、世界卫生组织（WHO）以及沙特生长模式曲线。我们发现，中东地区儿童超重和肥胖的综合患病率高达49.4%，具体取决于其研究中所应用的方法。确定的风险因素包括年龄、男性、缺乏足够的体育活动、食用油炸食品、感知压力水平、家庭成员数量、家庭规模、母亲职业、教育水平、肥胖家族史、碳水化合物的高能量消耗、周末看电视时间≥2小时与超重有关，以及边看电视边吃早餐与肥胖有关。本次评价结果表明，中东地区儿童和青少年超重及肥胖问题严重且令人担忧。所确定的大多数风险因素是可改变的，若给予适当关注，可显著减轻相关慢性并发症的负担。
