School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
School of Physical Education, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 10;12:1354231. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1354231. eCollection 2024.
Although previous research has examined the risk factors for drowning behavior among adolescents, it is unclear whether this association is influenced by water safety knowledge. This study aimed to examine whether water safety knowledge is associated with adolescents' drowning risk behaviors and whether drowning risk perceptions and attitudes could have a chain mediating role in the association between water safety knowledge and adolescents' drowning risk behaviors.
This study included 7,485 adolescents from five Chinese provinces and cities. We used the Drowning Risk Behaviors Scales (DRBS) to evaluate the risk of drowning behaviors. The Water Safety Knowledge Scale (WSKS) was used to evaluate the competence level of water safety knowledge. The Drowning Risk Perceptions Scale (DRPS) was used to evaluate the risk level of perceptions, and the Drowning Risk Attitudes Scale (DRAS) was used to evaluate the risk level of attitudes.
The results of the mediating effect test showed that water safety knowledge (WSK) affected drowning risk behaviors (DRB) through three indirect paths. Drowning risk perceptions (DRP) and attitudes (DRA) have significantly mediated the association between WSK and DRB. In conclusion, DRP and DRA can act as mediators between WSK and DRB, not only individually, but also as chain mediators, where the direct effect is-0.301, the total indirect effect is-0.214, and the total mediated indirect effect is 41.5%.
Water safety knowledge negatively predicts adolescents' drowning risk behaviors; water safety knowledge has an inhibitory effect on drowning risk perceptions. Water safety knowledge can directly influence adolescents' drowning risk perceptions and indirectly affect drowning risk behaviors through the mediation of drowning risk perceptions and attitudes comprising three paths: (1) the drowning risk perceptions mediation path, (2) the drowning risk attitudes mediation path, and (3) the drowning risk perceptions and attitudes mediation paths.
尽管先前的研究已经考察了青少年溺水行为的风险因素，但尚不清楚这种关联是否受到水上安全知识的影响。本研究旨在检验水上安全知识是否与青少年溺水风险行为有关，以及溺水风险认知和态度是否可以在水上安全知识与青少年溺水风险行为之间的关联中起到链式中介作用。
本研究纳入了来自中国五个省份和城市的 7485 名青少年。我们使用溺水风险行为量表（DRBS）评估溺水风险行为。使用水上安全知识量表（WSKS）评估水上安全知识的能力水平。使用溺水风险认知量表（DRPS）评估风险认知水平，使用溺水风险态度量表（DRAS）评估风险态度水平。
中介效应检验结果表明，水上安全知识（WSK）通过三个间接路径影响溺水风险行为（DRB）。溺水风险认知（DRP）和态度（DRA）显著中介了 WSK 和 DRB 之间的关系。总之，DRP 和 DRA 可以作为 WSK 和 DRB 之间的中介，不仅可以单独起作用，还可以作为链式中介，直接效应为-0.301，总间接效应为-0.214，总中介间接效应为 41.5%。
水上安全知识负向预测青少年的溺水风险行为；水上安全知识对溺水风险认知有抑制作用。水上安全知识可以直接影响青少年的溺水风险认知，并通过溺水风险认知和态度的三个路径间接影响溺水风险行为：（1）溺水风险认知中介路径，（2）溺水风险态度中介路径，和（3）溺水风险认知和态度中介路径。
