Hao Liyu, Shen Shangkun, Wang Shiwei, Zhang Shuangle, Liu Xing, Wang Yufei, Fu Engang
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Department of Technical Physics, School of Physics Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Small. 2024 Sep;20(38):e2401307. doi: 10.1002/smll.202401307. Epub 2024 May 27.
With the guidance of density functional theory (DFT), a high-performance hafnium (Hf) cathode for an air/water vapor plasma torch is designed and the concepts and principles for high performance are elucidated. A quasi-nanocrystalline hexagonal close-packed (HCP) Hf-LaO cathode based on these design principles is successfully fabricated via a powder metallurgy route. Under identical voltage and temperature conditions, the thermal emission current density of this quasi-nanocrystalline Hf-LaO cathode is ≈20 times greater than that of conventional Hf cathodes. Additionally, its cathodic lifespan is significantly extended. Quasi-nanocrystalline Hf-LaO products are manufactured into cathode devices with standard dimensions. This fabrication process is straightforward, requires minimal doped oxides, and is cost-effective. Consequently, the approach offers substantial performance enhancements over traditional Hf melting methods without incurring significantly additional costs.
在密度泛函理论（DFT）的指导下，设计了一种用于空气/水蒸气等离子体炬的高性能铪（Hf）阴极，并阐明了高性能的概念和原理。基于这些设计原则，通过粉末冶金路线成功制备了准纳米晶六方密堆积（HCP）Hf-LaO阴极。在相同的电压和温度条件下，这种准纳米晶Hf-LaO阴极的热发射电流密度约为传统Hf阴极的20倍。此外，其阴极寿命显著延长。准纳米晶Hf-LaO产品被制造成具有标准尺寸的阴极装置。该制造工艺简单，所需掺杂氧化物最少，且具有成本效益。因此，该方法在不产生显著额外成本的情况下，比传统的Hf熔炼方法具有显著的性能提升。
