Department of Infectious Diseases and Child Neurology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1451:205-217. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_13.
The family Poxviridae is a large family of viruses with a ubiquitous distribution, subdivided into two subfamilies: Chordopoxvirinae (poxviruses of vertebrates) and Entomopoxvirinae (poxviruses of insects). Only three species from the first subfamily, Orthopoxvirus (OPV), Molluscipoxvirus and Parapoxvirus, can infect the human being. In the paediatric population, viruses belonging to the first two subfamilies have the greatest importance. Following the eradication of smallpox in 1980, vaccination of the general population was discontinued after careful consideration of the risks and benefits. However, nearly all children and most of the world's population had little to no protection against OPV. The aim of this chapter is to review the current evidence on the aetiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of Poxviridae infections in children.
痘病毒科是一个具有广泛分布的大型病毒家族，分为两个亚科：正痘病毒亚科（脊椎动物痘病毒）和昆虫痘病毒亚科（昆虫痘病毒）。只有第一亚科的三种病毒，即正痘病毒（OPV）、软疣痘病毒和副痘病毒，才能感染人类。在儿科人群中，属于前两个亚科的病毒最为重要。1980 年天花被消灭后，经过对风险和收益的仔细考虑，停止了对普通人群的疫苗接种。然而，几乎所有儿童和世界上大多数人口对 OPV 几乎没有保护。本章旨在综述痘病毒科感染在儿童中的病因、临床表现、诊断和治疗的现有证据。
