Lawrence Sophie, Elliott Christopher, Huisman Wim, Dean Moira, van Ruth Saskia
Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, UK.
Faculty of Law, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
NPJ Sci Food. 2024 May 27;8(1):30. doi: 10.1038/s41538-024-00272-z.
Seafood fraud is commonly reported on food fraud databases and deceptive practices are highlighted by numerous studies, with impacts on the economy, health and marine conservation. Food fraud assessments are a widely accepted fraud mitigation and prevention activity undertaken to identify possible points of deception within a supply chain. This study aims to understand the food fraud vulnerability of post-harvest seafood supply chains in the UK and determine if there are differences according to commodity, supply chain node, business size and certification status. The SSAFE food fraud vulnerability assessment tool was used to assess 48 fraud factors relating to opportunities, motivations and controls. The analysis found seafood supply chains to have a medium vulnerability to food fraud, with the highest perceived vulnerability in technical opportunities. Certification status was a stronger determinant of vulnerability than any other factor, particularly in the level of controls, a factor that also indicated a higher perceived level of vulnerability in smaller companies and the food service industry. This paper also reviews historic food fraud trends in the sector to provide additional insights and the analysis indicates that certain areas of the supply chain, including uncertified prawn supply chains, salmon supply chains and food service companies, may be at higher risk of food fraud. This study conducts an in-depth examination of food fraud vulnerability relating to the UK and for seafood supply chains and contributes to a growing body of literature identifying areas of vulnerability and resilience to food related criminality within the global food system.
海鲜欺诈在食品欺诈数据库中常有报道，众多研究也凸显了这种欺骗行为，其对经济、健康和海洋保护都有影响。食品欺诈评估是一种被广泛接受的欺诈缓解和预防活动，旨在识别供应链中可能存在欺骗行为的环节。本研究旨在了解英国收获后海鲜供应链的食品欺诈脆弱性，并确定根据商品、供应链节点、企业规模和认证状态是否存在差异。使用了SSAFE食品欺诈脆弱性评估工具来评估与机会、动机和控制相关的48个欺诈因素。分析发现海鲜供应链对食品欺诈的脆弱性为中等，其中技术机会方面的感知脆弱性最高。认证状态比任何其他因素更能决定脆弱性，特别是在控制水平方面，这一因素还表明较小公司和食品服务业的感知脆弱性水平较高。本文还回顾了该行业历史上的食品欺诈趋势，以提供更多见解，分析表明供应链的某些领域，包括未经认证的对虾供应链、鲑鱼供应链和食品服务公司，可能面临更高的食品欺诈风险。本研究对与英国相关的以及海鲜供应链的食品欺诈脆弱性进行了深入研究，为越来越多的文献做出了贡献，这些文献确定了全球食品系统中与食品相关犯罪的脆弱性和恢复力领域。
