Woodward D L, Colwell A E, Anderson N L
Lake County Mosquito Abatement District, Lakeport, CA 95453.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1985 Sep;1(3):363-8.
Laboratory bioassays with Culicoides variipennis larvae from Borax Lake, CA, indicated an LC90 of 16.8 ppb for pyrethrins at 23 degrees C. A field test in a pond adjoining the lake reduced adult C. variipennis emergence greater than 99% for over 30 days after treatment at a rate of 131 ppb pyrethrins. Further small scale field tests indicated that C. variipennis could be controlled in the lake at a rate of 701 g/ha pyrethrins applied as a peripheral treatment. The first lake treatment resulted in a 99.3% decrease in the density of C. variipennis larvae along the shoreline. Four treatments resulted in a 98.5% decrease from non-treatment years in the number of adult cumulative insect-days during May and June.
对来自加利福尼亚州硼砂湖的库蠓幼虫进行的实验室生物测定表明，在23摄氏度下，除虫菊酯的LC90为16.8 ppb。在该湖附近的一个池塘进行的田间试验表明，以131 ppb除虫菊酯的剂量处理后，超过30天内成年库蠓的羽化减少了99%以上。进一步的小规模田间试验表明，以701 g/ha除虫菊酯作为周边处理剂施用于湖中，可以控制库蠓。第一次对湖进行处理后，湖岸线附近库蠓幼虫的密度下降了99.3%。四次处理使5月和6月成年库蠓累计虫日数比未处理年份减少了98.5%。
