School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 May 13;14:1404960. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1404960. eCollection 2024.
and stand as notorious threats to human beings owing to the myriad of infections they cause. The bacteria readily form biofilms that help in withstanding the effects of antibiotics and the immune system. Intending to combat the biofilm formation and reduce the virulence of the pathogens, we investigated the effects of carotenoids, crocetin, and crocin, on four Staphylococcal strains. Crocetin was found to be the most effective as it diminished the biofilm formation of ATCC 6538 significantly at 50 µg/mL without exhibiting bactericidal effect (MIC >800 µg/mL) and also inhibited the formation of biofilm by MSSA 25923 and at a concentration as low as 2 µg/mL, and that by methicillin-resistant MW2 at 100 µg/mL. It displayed minimal to no antibiofilm efficacy on the Gram-negative strains O157:H7 and as well as a fungal strain of . It could also curb the formation of fibrils, which partly contributes to the biofilm formation in . Additionally, the ADME analysis of crocetin proclaims how relatively non-toxic the chemical is. Also, crocetin displayed synergistic antibiofilm characteristics in combination with tobramycin. The presence of a polyene chain with carboxylic acid groups at its ends is hypothesized to contribute to the strong antibiofilm characteristics of crocetin. These findings suggest that using apocarotenoids, particularly crocetin might help curb the biofilm formation by and
并且由于它们引起的无数感染，成为了对人类的臭名昭著的威胁。这些细菌很容易形成生物膜，帮助它们抵抗抗生素和免疫系统的影响。为了对抗生物膜的形成并降低病原体的毒力，我们研究了类胡萝卜素、西红花酸和西红花苷对四种葡萄球菌菌株的影响。结果发现，西红花酸的效果最为显著，它在 50μg/mL 时就显著减少了 ATCC 6538 的生物膜形成，而没有表现出杀菌作用（MIC>800μg/mL），并且还能抑制 MSSA 25923 和 的生物膜形成，浓度低至 2μg/mL，而对耐甲氧西林的 MW2 的生物膜形成则在 100μg/mL 时抑制。它对革兰氏阴性菌株 O157:H7 和 以及真菌菌株 几乎没有抗生物膜作用。它还可以抑制 中纤维丝的形成，这部分有助于生物膜的形成。此外，西红花酸的 ADME 分析表明，该化学物质的毒性相对较低。此外，西红花酸与妥布霉素联合使用具有协同抗生物膜特性。其两端带有多烯链和羧酸基团的存在，被假设为西红花酸具有强抗生物膜特性的原因之一。这些发现表明，使用类胡萝卜素，特别是西红花酸可能有助于抑制 和 的生物膜形成。
