Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Med Sci (Basel). 2024 Apr 23;12(2):22. doi: 10.3390/medsci12020022.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can extend life expectancy and improve a person's health status. In addition to physical activity and bad habits related to smoking and alcohol, diet is also a determining factor. Following a healthy diet pattern over time and supporting a healthy body weight contributes to reducing the risk of developing more severe complications associated with very common diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, or cardiovascular diseases. The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans promote the adoption of fat-free or low-fat diets and discourage the consumption of foods with added sugar and solid fats, such as ice creams and other frozen desserts. On the other hand, ice cream, from a nutritional and healthy point of view, can be considered a possible food choice, due to its greater palatability and high nutritional content, but its consumption must be scheduled in a balanced diet. In this retrospective study, 36 patients with chronic renal failure were enrolled. Two different diets were proposed (A and B). In Diet B, lemon sorbet was added twice a week as an alternative food to replace fruit or snacks making the diet more varied and palatable. Nutritional status and biohumoral, immunological, and blood parameters were evaluated after 6 months. A statistical analysis shows a significant inter-group difference in creatinine and azotemia between T0 and T1. Intra-group significant differences were found in lymphocytes ( = 0.005) and azotemia ( < 0.001) in Diet A, and in azotemia ( < 0.001) and transferrin ( < 0.001) in Diet B. The results indicated that ice cream represented a good alternative food in both groups of patients regarding nutritional values and patient satisfaction. Furthermore, the treatment with ice cream allowed for better control of azotemia, maintaining stable levels even in patients with advanced CKD. This study concludes that ice cream could exert beneficial effects in addition to CKD patients' dietary regimens.
保持健康的生活方式可以延长预期寿命并改善一个人的健康状况。除了与吸烟和饮酒有关的身体活动和不良习惯外，饮食也是一个决定因素。随着时间的推移遵循健康的饮食模式，并支持健康的体重，有助于降低与慢性肾脏病（CKD）、糖尿病或心血管疾病等非常常见疾病相关的更严重并发症的风险。2015-2020 年美国人饮食指南提倡采用无脂或低脂饮食，并劝阻食用添加糖和固体脂肪的食物，如冰淇淋和其他冷冻甜点。另一方面，从营养和健康的角度来看，冰淇淋可以被认为是一种可能的食物选择，因为它的口感更好，营养价值更高，但它的消费必须在均衡饮食中进行安排。在这项回顾性研究中，纳入了 36 名慢性肾衰竭患者。提出了两种不同的饮食方案（A 和 B）。在饮食 B 中，每周添加两次柠檬冰糕作为替代水果或零食的食物，使饮食更加多样化和可口。在 6 个月后评估营养状况和生物化学、免疫和血液参数。统计分析显示，T0 和 T1 之间肌酐和氮血症在两组之间存在显著的组间差异。在饮食 A 中发现淋巴细胞（=0.005）和氮血症（<0.001）以及饮食 B 中的氮血症（<0.001）和转铁蛋白（<0.001）存在显著的组内差异。结果表明，冰淇淋在两组患者中都是一种很好的替代食品，无论在营养价值还是患者满意度方面都是如此。此外，冰淇淋的治疗可以更好地控制氮血症，即使在患有晚期 CKD 的患者中也能保持稳定的水平。本研究得出结论，冰淇淋除了对 CKD 患者的饮食方案有益外，还可能产生有益的效果。
