Robinson Laura A, Short Pamela R, Frugé Andrew D
Department of Nutritional Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
College of Nursing, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Nurs Rep. 2024 May 13;14(2):1184-1192. doi: 10.3390/nursrep14020090.
Baccalaureate nursing students are at increased risk for anxiety and related mood disorders. We conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the relationships among anxiety symptoms measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaire and lifestyle behaviors including habitual diet, sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), and physical activity. Descriptive statistics were obtained for sample characteristics, and Pearson correlations and backward stepwise linear regression explored relationships between the GAD-7 scores, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, version 2 (MAIA-2) subscales, and other variables. Sixty-eight students completed the survey, with 38% having moderate-to-severe anxiety. On average, respondents had moderate diet quality (Healthy Eating Index median 60/100 [range 51-75]), had high sleep quality (PSQI median 7/21 [range 4-10]), and were highly active, with a median of 43 (range 24-78) weekly metabolic equivalent (MET) hours. Sixty-seven out of 68 respondents indicated a willingness to change lifestyle behaviors; the most prevalent time-related factors were school and social commitments, with stress and financial constraints being reported among half or more of respondents. Regression analysis determined that PSQI (β = 0.446) and the MAIA-2 Not-Worrying subscale (β = -0.366) were significant ( < 0.001 for both) predictors of anxiety severity. These results indicate that mindfulness and sleep hygiene may be the most actionable foci for interventions to reduce anxiety in baccalaureate nursing students. This study was not registered as a clinical trial.
护理学本科学生患焦虑症及相关情绪障碍的风险增加。我们进行了一项横断面研究，以探讨通过广泛性焦虑障碍问卷（GAD-7）测量的焦虑症状与生活方式行为之间的关系，这些生活方式行为包括习惯性饮食、睡眠质量（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数[PSQI]）和身体活动。获得了样本特征的描述性统计数据，并通过Pearson相关性分析和向后逐步线性回归分析，探讨了GAD-7得分、内感受觉知多维评估量表第2版（MAIA-2）各子量表与其他变量之间的关系。68名学生完成了调查，其中38%患有中度至重度焦虑。平均而言，受访者的饮食质量中等（健康饮食指数中位数为60/100[范围51-75]），睡眠质量高（PSQI中位数为7/21[范围4-10]），身体活动量很大，每周代谢当量（MET）小时数中位数为43（范围24-78）。68名受访者中有67人表示愿意改变生活方式行为；最常见的与时间相关的因素是学校和社交事务，超过一半的受访者报告存在压力和经济限制。回归分析确定，PSQI（β=0.446）和MAIA-2不担忧子量表（β=-0.366）是焦虑严重程度的显著预测因素（两者均P<0.001）。这些结果表明，正念和睡眠卫生可能是减轻护理学本科学生焦虑干预措施中最可行的重点。本研究未注册为临床试验。
